Analysis Of Clinical Characteristics Of Athmatic Children Sensitized By Dust Mites

Objective: Investigate the sensitization rate of dust mites in children with asthma.And analyze the clinical distribution characteristics in gender,age,season,complications and allergic family history of children with asthma sensitized by mites mixed with different allergens.By observing the difference and correlation of these laboratory indexes(such as Total Ig E level,Peripheral blood EOS count and percentage,exhaled nitric oxide level,etc.)in children with asthma sensitized by dust mites,in order to provide reference for clinical diagnosis,treatment and management of children with asthma sensitized by dust mites.Methods:This is a retrospective study,which was conducted among children with asthma who tested for allergens in Dalian Children’s Hospital from August 1,2018 to August 31,2020.There were 165 children with asthma sensitized by dust mites met the inclusion criteria.The subjects were divided into only mite sensitization group with 18 cases,only mite and other inhaled allergens sensitization group(referred to as mite +inhalation group)with 49 cases,only mite and food allergens sensitization group(referred to as mite + food group)with 12 cases,and mite along with other inhaled allergens and food allergens sensitization group(referred to as mite + inhalation + food group)with 86 cases.The clinical data were collected by consulting the disease records and telephone follow-up,mainly including gender,age,season of onset,complications and allergic family history.At the same time,the laboratory indexes(such as total Ig E level,Peripheral blood eosinophils count and percentage,exhaled nitric oxide level,etc.)were collected.So as to analyze the differences between different groups and the correlation between laboratory indexes.Result:1.Among 302 asthmatic children,there were 165 cases were sensitized by dust mites,which means 54.6% of asthmatic children were sensitized by dust mites.2.There were 96 males(58.2%)and 69 females(41.8%)in 165 children with asthma sensitized by mites,which means the ratio of male to female was 1.39:1.In terms of age,preschool age(4-6 years old)accounted for 43.0%,followed by school age(7-10 years old)accounted for 29.7%,infants(≤3 years old)accounted for 15.8%,and adolescence(11-18 years old)accounted for the smallest proportion,which is 11.5%.In terms of the season of onset,the highest proportion of children was in spring and autumn(31.5%),followed by summer(28.5%)and winter(8.5%).In terms of complications,children with allergic rhinitis accounted for 58.8%,followed by children with eczema(52.1%),children with urticaria(19.4%),children withal lergic conjunctivitis(14.5%).In terms of the sensitization level,the grade that washi gher than or equal to grade 4 account for 57.6%.In terms of the family allergich istory,57.6% of them had family allergic history.In terms of the different sensitive modes,mite+inhalation+food group accounted for the largest proportion(52.1%),followed by mite+inhalation group(29.7%),only mite sensitization group(10.9%),m ite + food group(7.3%).3.There were significant differences in age,allergic family history,some complications(such as allergic rhinitis,eczema,allergic conjunctivitis)and serum total Ig E levels among the four groups(P<0.05),but there was no differences in other aspects(P>0.05).4.In the aspect of correlation analysis between experimental indexes,there was a positive correlation between the concentration of serum Ig E and the level of total Ig E(P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between peripheral blood EOS count and EOS%(P<0.05).And there was no significant correlation between other indexes.Conclusion:1.More than half of asthmatic children were sensitized by dust mites,and most of them were preschool children.The incidence rate was higher in spring and autumn.One half of the asthmatic children sensitized by dust mites were complicated with allergic rhinitis and eczema.One half of the asthmatic children sensitized by dust mites had a family history of allergic diseases.2.Dust mites are often associated with other inhaled and food allergens to lead to asthma in children.3.In different sensitization modes,dust mite sensitized childhood asthma have the following clinical distribution characteristics: for example,children in infancy or with eczema are mostly in mite + food sensitization group,preschool children or with allergic conjunctivitis are mostly in mite sensitization group,school-age and adolescent children are mostly in mite + inhalation sensitization group,children with allergic rhinitis or with family history of allergy are mostly in the mite + mixed sensitization group.4.Peripheral blood eosinophil count and percentage,serum s Ig E level,total Ig E levels and exhaled nitric oxide levels all play an important role in the evaluation of children with asthma,and they can not be replaced by each other.