| Objective:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in children,which has serious adverse effects on children’s learning and life,resulting in the impairment of ADHD children’s social cognition and social adaptability.With the development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),the working memory system is getting more attention,which is the core mechanism of executive function in ADHD children.This study mainly discusses the characteristics of ADHD children’s intelligence,social adaptability and working memory,as well as the relationship between working memory and social adaptability.Method : 31 children who diagnosed with ADHD which according with the diagnostic criteria of the 5th edition of American mental disorders and diagnostic criteria(DSM-V)were selected as the experimental group,and 30 children with normal development were randomly recruitd and selected as the control group.There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age and gender composition(p > 0.05).Use Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(WISC-IV),Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-Second Edition(ABAS-Ⅱ)is used to evaluate the characteristics of the two groups of children’s intelligence and social adaptability,adopting the working memory index of WISC-IV,N-back task and Wisconsin card sorting test(WCST)measured three subsystems of the working memory: verbal working memory,visual working memory,and the central executive system.This paper analyzes the characteristics of intelligence and social adaptability of ADHD children,and analyzes whether the working memory ability has direct and indirect influence on the ability of each adaptation field of ADHD children.Results:The intelligence development of ADHD children is in the normal range.Compared with children with normal development,the intelligence level of most ADHD children is medium to middle and lower,some of them are in the critical state,and the average intelligence level is in the middle and lower level,which is significantly different from that of children with normal development(p <0.05).The incidence of relatively low cognitive efficiency of ADHD children is significantly different from that of normally developing children(p < 0,05),indicates that cognitive efficiency deficit is the characteristic of ADHD children’s intelligence structure.1、Children with ADHD have lower comprehensive ability of social adaptive than normal children,and there is a significant difference between them(p < 0,05).The analysis of ADHD children’s social adaptability shows that social skills are their obvious weakness,which indicates that ADHD children are impaired in multi-dimensional social adaptation and focus on social skills.2、The three components of ADHD children’s working memory,verbal working memory,visual working memory and central executive system,are significantly different from those of normal children,indicating that ADHD children have multidimensional impaired working memory.3、ADHD symptoms have a significant mediating effect between each component of children’s working memory and each adaptation area,indicating that each working memory has a direct and indirect influence on each adaptation area of children with ADHD.Conclusion: by comparing the intelligence distribution,intelligence structure,social adaptability and working memory between children with ADHD and children with normal development,this study finds that there are obvious differences between them.Moreover,it is found that ADHD symptoms and working memory components have a complex mechanism on the social adaptation of ADHD children.The results of this study can provide new ideas for the treatment of ADHD children. |
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