Study On The Relationship Sarcopenia、Nutritional Status And Fall Risks In Elderly Patients With Hip Fracture

Objective:Falls can lead to the occurrence of fracture events in the elderly,seriously affecting the quality of life of the elderly-This study analyzed the status and correlation of muscular decline,nutritional status,and fall risk in elderly patients with hip fractures caused by falls,to provide a theoretical basis for clinical prevention of fall and intervention program.Methods:A total of 325 patients aged 60 and over in orthopedic wards of thre e Grade 3A hospitals in Changchun and Yanji were investigated by a question naire.The data,were inputted,sorted and analyzed by SPSS22.0 and EXCEL s oftware,and the general data,characteristics of elderly patients with hip fractur es were described by frequency,percentage and mean.Mean,standard deviatio n and percentage were used to describe the current situation of sarcopenia,nutr itional status and fall risks in elderly patients with hip fractures.T-test or one-way ANOVA was used to study the differences of general data in muscle decl ine,nutritional status and fall risk.Pearson correlation analysis was used to ex plore the correlation among sarcopenia,nutritional status,and fall risks in elder ly patients with hip fracture.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to scr een out the main influencing factors of fall risk in elderly patients with hip fra cture.Results:(1)The score of sarcopenia in elderly patients with hip fracture was(5.01±1.61),the prevalence rate of muscular dystrophy is 81.2%,which is at a high,level.There were significant differences in age,marital status,education level,living style,per capita monthly income,previous occupation,exercise habits,assistive tools,masticatory function,types of chronic diseases,albumin content and physiological ability(P<0.05).(2)The nutritional status of elderly patients with hip fractures was(8.22±1.48):the score is low and is at the level of nutritional risk.There were significant differences in age,marital status’ education,living style,assistive tools,hemoglobin content,masticatory function,types of chronic diseases and self-care ability(P<0.05).(3)The average risk of falls in elderly patients with hip fractures was(7.57±4.09),the score is high and is in the risk level.There were significant differences in age,marital status,education level,previous occupation,living style,exercise habits,exercise aids,masticatory function,types of chronic diseases,albumin content,hemoglobin content,and self-care ability(P<0.05).(4)The sarcopenia was positively correlated with fall risks in elderly patien is with hip fracture(r=0.443,P<0.01):and negatively correlated with nutritional s tatus(r=-0.244,P<0.01).Fall risks negatively correlated with nutritional statu s(r=0.668,P<0.01).(5)After the regression analysis of the fall risk of hip fracture in the elderl y,it is concluded that the patient’s age,sarcopenia,nutritional status and exerds e habits are the influencing factors of the fall risks,and the 75.7%variance is predicted,among which the age factor is the biggest predictor of the fall risks.Conclusion:(1)The prevalence rate of muscle decline in elderly patients with hip fracture is high,and therisk of falls is at a medium risk level.(2)There is a correlation between muscle decline,nutritional status,and fall risk in elderly patients with hip fracture,the higher the fall risk,the more obvious the muscle attenuation,and the worse the nutritional status.(3)Age,muscle decline,nutritional status,and exercise habits are the main factors affecting the risk of falls in elderly patients with hip fractures,among which age is the most predictive factor.