Research On The Anti-poverty Effect Of Basic Medical Insurance ——Analysis Based On CFPS

"Poverty due to illness" is one of the important reasons why Chinese residents fall into economic poverty.Under the background of "Healthy China" strategy steadily advancing,deepening the reform of medical security system and implementing the rural revitalization strategy,the research on poverty reduction effect of basic medical insurance has been endowed with new characteristics of the times.In 2020,China will achieve the goal of getting rid of poverty and eliminating absolute poverty,but it does not mean that the problem of getting rid of poverty of poor residents in China will be completely solved,and the problem of relative poverty will continue to exist,and the health impact caused by disease risks is still one of the main reasons that lead to the poverty of rural residents in China.Moreover,family poverty is fragile and the risk of illness is uncertain,so the family economic poverty caused by health impact will exist for a long time.As an important part of the medical security system,China’s basic medical insurance plays an important role in safeguarding residents’ physical and mental health,reducing the burden of medical treatment for diseases,safeguarding residents’ basic medical rights and interests,reducing the risk of returning to poverty due to illness,and promoting social harmony and stability.The key to whether the basic medical insurance can effectively reduce the poverty rate is to fully study its poverty reduction effect and improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the basic medical insurance in poverty reduction.At present,under the background of consolidating the existing poverty alleviation achievements and dealing with the relative poverty control,the anti-poverty function of basic medical insurance can not be ignored,and it needs attention and research.The anti-poverty effect of basic medical insurance is obviously different among different groups.How to improve the system to further protect the physical and mental health of all residents and reduce the poverty probability caused by disease risk is the main problem explored in this study.In this thesis,based on the data of China Family Follow-up Survey（CFPS）in 2018,through qualitative and quantitative research methods,Probit model and PSM model are used to explore the poverty reduction effect of basic medical insurance on the insured groups and the difference of poverty reduction among different groups in sub-samples.Firstly,this thesis expounds the research background and significance,sorts out the relevant research literature of experts and scholars at home and abroad,introduces the core concepts and theoretical basis of this thesis,and provides a solid theoretical basis for the research content of this thesis.Secondly,this thesis analyzes the mechanism of basic medical insurance and anti-poverty,specifically analyzes the relationship between basic medical insurance’s poverty reduction mechanism,income stabilization effect and economic risk of diseases,and sorts out the development process and current content of medical insurance system,which provides a detailed realistic basis for empirical analysis.Thirdly,this thesis selects micro-database,sorts out relevant data,establishes Probit regression model by selecting variables,analyzes the overall poverty reduction effect of basic medical insurance and the poverty reduction differences among urban and rural areas,age groups and regional sub-samples,and tests the endogenous results of empirical analysis by establishing PSM model,which provides reliable data support for policy recommendations.Finally,based on the above research results,this thesis summarizes the research conclusions and puts forward specific policy suggestions,in order to improve the basic medical insurance system,improve the accuracy of poverty reduction and give full play to the anti-poverty function of medical insurance.Through the research,it is found that the basic medical insurance has a significant positive impact on the incidence of residents returning to poverty,and the poverty reduction effect of the basic medical insurance is different among groups,especially for rural residents,middle-aged groups and western regions.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）From the overall sample,the basic medical insurance can significantly improve the poverty situation of the masses,effectively reduce the probability of the insured residents falling into poverty,and prove that the basic medical insurance has the anti-poverty function.（2）From the difference of sub-samples between urban and rural groups,the basic medical insurance has a positive impact on the anti-poverty effect of urban and rural groups,and has passed the significance test.This shows that the basic medical insurance has a significant improvement effect on the poverty situation of both urban and rural population,but from the perspective of differences,rural groups are more significant than urban groups.（3）From the difference of age groups,the basic medical insurance has a positive impact on the anti-poverty situation of different age groups.However,it failed the significance test in the samples of young and old people,and only had a significant effect in middle-aged people.The results showed that the anti-poverty effect of basic medical insurance was more significant for middle-aged people,but not significant enough for young and old people.（4）From the difference of regional sub-samples,the basic medical insurance has a positive impact on the poverty situation of the eastern,central and western groups.However,it failed the significance test in the central and eastern samples,and only showed significant effect in the western samples.Based on the above research conclusions,this thesis holds that the basic medical insurance has a certain poverty reduction effect and played the anti-poverty function of medical insurance.However,as the system is still in the stage of development and perfection,there are some problems such as the accuracy and comprehensiveness of poverty reduction effect and insufficient convergence of anti-poverty policies.In this regard,this thesis puts forward policy suggestions from four aspects: improving the anti-poverty effect of basic medical insurance,improving the accuracy of poverty reduction of basic medical insurance,promoting the coverage of basic medical insurance for vulnerable groups in urban and rural areas,and promoting the coordinated development of medical insurance and other anti-poverty policies,mainly including rationally controlling the growth rate of medical expenses,expanding the benefits of rural elderly people in medical insurance,strengthening the accurate identification of poor people,and promoting the coordinated development of medical insurance and other anti-poverty policies.