Study On The Risk Management Of Aids Infection Among Students In A Medical University

ObjectivesThis study was to define the connotation of the risk of HIV/AIDS,the establishment of university students’AIDS infection risk management framework,related risk factors of HIV/AIDS,and to identify and analyze college students conducted a comprehensive risk assessment,and analyze the source of risk,proposes the corresponding risk countermeasure,for our country university university students AIDS prevention work and provide some reference to the risk management of HIV/AIDS.MethodsData collection,self-designed questionnaire and interview outline were used in this study.In the field questionnaire survey,the stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to conduct a self-filled questionnaire survey among students in a medical university in C city.In personal interview,the students of the school,health education teachers and local CDC staff were interviewed in depth by targeted sampling.Statistical analysis,quantitative data use rate and composition ratio were described,x~2test and Pearson correlation analysis were used for statistical inference,influencing factors were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Qualitative data,based on the risk analysis theory,summed up the current situation of HIV infection risk,sources and countermeasures of college students.The research path follows the risk management process,from risk identification,analysis,evaluation,response.Results1.Basic information of respondents:A total of 2122 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective rate of 94.1%.The average age of the respondents was 21.33±3.54 years old.1423 female students,accounting for 67.1 percent;1166 undergraduates,accounting for 54.9%;956 postgraduates,accounting for 45.1%;There were 1184medical majors,accounting for 55.8%,and 938 non-medical majors,accounting for 44.2%.Qualitative investigation deeply interviewed 6college students,1 health education teacher and 1 local CDC staff.2.Overall population:(1)The awareness of basic knowledge of AIDS:the awareness rate of basic knowledge of AIDS in the old eight editions is 95.2%,the awareness rate of the new eight editions is 90.8%,and the overall awareness rate is 93.1%.Difference analysis found that there were differences in overall awareness rate among different specialties,self-evaluation of AIDS knowledge,source of knowledge,knowledge of VCT services and AIDS blocking drugs.(2)Sexual behavior:401 people had sexual behavior,the incidence of sexual behavior was 18.9%,of which heterosexual behavior accounted for 93.8%.The mean age of first sexual activity was 21.22±2.89 years.Eighteen patients had experienced MSM,and the mean age of first MSM was 19.35±3.87 years old.There were 50 students who had had high-risk sexual behaviors,accounting for 12.5%of the students who had sexual behaviors.Among them,the proportion of the students who met sexual partners through the Internet or entertainment places such as bars was the highest,accounting for 62.0%.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the willingness to test for HIV(r=0.122,P<0.05)and the history of sexually transmitted diseases(r=0.300,P<0.01)were positively correlated with high-risk sexual behavior.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that male(OR=2.800,95%CI:1.464-5.353),bachelor’s degree(OR=3.729,95%CI:1.744-7.972),non-medical major(OR=2.855,95%CI:1.519～5.365)were the promoting factors of high-risk sexual behavior.(3)Risk perception:a total of 1218 people had high risk perception,accounting for 57.4%.There were 1239 people who considered themselves at risk of HIV infection,accounting for 58.4%.Pearson correlation analysis showed that previous STD(r=-0.094,P<0.01)was negatively correlated with risk perception.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that men(OR=1.983,95%CI:1.643-2.393),lack of basic knowledge of AIDS(OR=1.967,95%CI:1.379-2.807),no willingness to test for HIV(OR=1.269,95%CI:1.059～1.520),have not been tested for HIV(OR=1.295,95%CI:1.033～1.623),do not know about VCT services(OR=1.215,95%CI:1.016～1.453)and AIDS blocking drugs(OR=1.450,95%CI:1.160～1.814)are risk factors of risk perception.(4)Willingness and behavior of HIV testing:a total of 1224 students volunteered to participate in HIV testing,accounting for 57.7%;444people,accounting for 20.9%,had been tested for HIV;A total of 53patients(2.5%)had been infected with venereal diseases.Multi variate Logistic regression analysis showed that women(OR=1.521,95%CI:1.252-1.847),women(OR=1.237,95%CI:1.033-1.482),women(OR=1.688,95%CI:1.252-1.847),women(OR=1.237,95%CI:1.033-1.482),women(OR=1.688,95%CI:1.411～2.019),have not been tested for HIV(OR=2.002,95%CI:1.588～2.524)are risk factors of willingness to test for HIV.Male(OR=1.550,95%CI:1.215-1.978),medical majors(OR=1.471,95%CI:1.150-1.882),unmarried(OR=2.345,95%CI:1.388-3.962),perceived high risk(OR=1.390,95%CI:1.087～1.777),willing to test for HIV(OR=2.022,95%CI:1.576～2.594),have been infected with sexually transmitted diseases(OR=6.555,95%CI:3.568-12.043),know AIDS blocking drugs(OR=2.450,95%CI:1.679-3.573)was a contributing factor to having been tested for HIV.3.High-risk population:A total of 96 high-risk groups were found,56.3%of which were male.Among them,50(52.1%)had high-risk sexual behaviors,and 53(55.2%)had ever suffered from sexually transmitted diseases.The awareness rates of the basic knowledge of AIDS in the old eight editions and the new eight editions were 81.3%and80.2%respectively,and the overall awareness rate was 79.2%.The awareness rates of the three aspects were lower than those of other students.62 people,accounting for 63.3%,thought they had the risk of HIV infection;38 people with high risk perception,accounting for 39.6%.32 patients(33.3%)were willing to be tested for HIV.Forty-five(46.9percent)had been tested for HIV.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that men(OR=2.464,95%CI:1.617-3.757),lack of basic knowledge of HIV/AIDS(OR=3.430,95%CI:2.006-5.864),low risk perception(OR=1.705,95%CI:1.109-2.620)were the promoting factors for high-risk groups.4.The school AIDS prevention work:(1)The work organization is mainly led by the school and the school’s Youth League Committee.With the support of school funds or social funds,teachers from the Youth League Committee or teachers from the fund project are responsible for guiding students’associations,student unions and research groups to carry out AIDS publicity and education activities.(2)Education forms,including class meetings,lectures,competition with prizes,distribution of brochures,condoms and HIV testing,are usually held around"AIDS Day"every year.(3)Existing problems:students’low interest in propaganda and education activities,lack of overall management of AIDS work in school,lack of in-depth sexual health counseling,HIV testing consultation,investigation and research,peer education and access to sexual health services.ConclusionMost of the respondents had a good knowledge of AIDS prevention and a high awareness of prevention,and the overall awareness rate of basic AIDS knowledge was high.Good risk awareness;The incidence of sexual activity is at a normal level and condom use is good;HIV testing rates are relatively high.Risk identification found that some students also had the risk of insufficient knowledge reserve related to AIDS,insufficient risk of perception level of AIDS infection risk,risk of high-risk sexual behavior,and insufficient risk of HIV testing willingness.And there are still a certain number of high-risk groups in the population.At the same time,there are loopholes in the school’s AIDS propaganda and education work,lack of long-term systematic propaganda and education strategies and access to AIDS prevention services.Risk analysis found that the more open contemporary social concept and the influence of public opinion,the lack of systematic and formal sex education in college students,the lack of unified leadership mechanism and continuous work plan in school AIDS prevention work,and the lack of access to AIDS prevention services in school may be the causes of the above risks.In general,after the risk assessment,the risk of HIV infection in this group is low,but it is still necessary to strengthen the AIDS prevention and education,so as to promote the overall basic knowledge of AIDS,risk perception,HIV detection rate and behavior change of high-risk groups.In terms of risk response,it is suggested that the school should strengthen the leadership’s attention,set up a leading group of AIDS prevention to strengthen HIV prevention and sexual health education,and stimulate the self-management of high-risk groups.At the same time,attention should be paid to the construction of AIDS prevention clubs,volunteers’ability and organization,the novelty of AIDS prevention activities,the improvement of students’participation,and the warning education.Popularize the knowledge of VCT services and improve the availability of health and family planning services in schools.