| Objective(1) The objective is to analyze dynamic trend and influencing factors of AIDS among college students in a university of Kunming city from2010to2012, know something about HIV/AIDS and its related behavior characteristics, find out the key problems of prevention and control of HIV/AIDS education in colleges and universities, strengthen health education work of AIDS prevention in colleges and universities and improve the strategy and measures of health education in colleges and universities.(2) Analyze related risk behaviors and influencing factors of AIDS among college students in A university of Kunming city from2010to2012, explore and propose preventive measures to enhance self-protection awareness of AIDS prevention among college students and to provide new ideas and new mode for the AIDS health education.(3) provide the basis for the next step of prevention and intervention strategies, effect evaluation and improvement of the monitoring system etc of AIDS and provide a reference for college students’AIDS epidemic estimation and forecast information by the sentinel surveillance.Method(1)Quantitative research and blood sample experiment research:Use the unified scheme of monitoring project of China’s Ministry of Health on AIDS sentinel. Employ unified epidemiological questionnaire survey laid out by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (hereinafter referred to as the China CDC), collect information of AIDS on demography, behavioral science, sociology, know characteristics of prevention and control situation of AIDS, use the continuous cross-section of serology to investigate the collected blood samples which are detected by HIV, syphilis, HCV antibody of CDC in Yunnan province by using ELISA Kit.(2) Data entry and statistical software:employ the national sentinel surveillance system for data entry and use SPSS17software to analyze statistics.ResultI have monitored2400people during three years.2400questionnaires and blood samples were given out,56invalid questionnaires were excluded, the rate of sample effective completion was97.7%in the case that blood sample is consistent with the questionnaire. Among2344graduate students,797people were investigated in2010,755people in2011and792people in2012. The results of serological monitoring from2010to2011showed that HIV, HCV and syphilis antibodies were negative, no positive findings, one case of positive HCV antibody (0.1%) was found, and also one case of positive syphilis antibody (0.1%)was found, the rest of the HIV, HCV, syphilis antibodies were negative. The rate of sexual behavior incidence was was3.3%(26/783),13.1%(96/735) and16.1%(125/775) from2010to2012respectively, it showed an increasing trend by linear trend tests (χ2=26.13; P<0.01), multivariate Logistic regression model results suggested that the males would have more incidence of sexual behaviors when getting old. The minimum and maximum age at first sex were12years old and26years old respectively, whose average age was20.53±2.26years old. The average age at first sex in2010was18.45±1.99years old, in2011was20.65±2.22years old and in2012was20.90±2.11years old, there was a statistically significant difference in age at first sex during three years (F=11.921, P<0.01), which showed increasing trend on age at first age. The research of risky sexual behavior is defined as unprotected casual sex, commercial sexual behavior or male behavior. In recent one year, the rate of risky sexual behavior incidence was0.3%(2/783),1.0%(7/735)and1.4%(11/775)from2010to2012respectively, it showed an increasing trend by linear trend tests(χ2=18.35; P<0.01), multivariate Logistic regression model results showed that the males and ethnic minority had weak AIDS awareness, the higher risky sexual behavior incidence would has in the case that the earlier sex happened at first time in recent one year. AIDS awareness rate of college students was98.8%(2315/2344) from2010to2012, AIDS awareness rate was97.2%(775/797),99.3%(750/775) and99.7%(790/792) respectively from2010to2012which showed a growth trend. It had a significantly statistical differences in AIDS knowledge awareness during three years{x2=22.460, P＜0.01). It showed that AIDS knowledge education for college students had worked because of the attention paid to and it also reflected that mastering AIDS knowledge of students was satisfactory. In the aspect of whether to accept AIDS prevention publicity in recent one year, the rate of college students who had received AIDS prevention publicity was61.6%(1443/2344) from2010to2012, the rate of AIDS prevention publicity of students was51.9%(414/797),65%(484/775) and69.5%(545/792) respectively from2010to2012. In the aspect of whether to participate in the propaganda of prevention AIDS, the rate of the overall participation in AIDS prevention publicity was25.6%(601/2344), the rate of participation of students was17.1%(136/797),29.4%(219/775) and31.4%(246/792) respectively from2010to2012. According to chi-square test, there existed significantly statistical significance in the aspect of behavioral interventions of students during three years,(x2=55.800,44.496,P<0.01) which showed that the rate of acceptance and participation of college students has signs of growth in the case of behavior intervention in recent one year. In the case of acceptance of AIDS testing of students in recent one year, the rate of accepting detection of students was5.3%(125/2344) from2010to2012and was1.9%(15/797),6.8%(51/775) and7.5%(59/792) respectively from2010to2012. According to chi-square test, there existed significantly statistical significance in the aspect of testing of students during three years{x2=29.417,P<0.01) which showed that the rate of testing of college students has signs of growth in the case of AIDS testing in recent one year. As to the detection of AIDS awareness, the awareness rate of testing AIDS of students was15.7%(19/121) from2010to2012and was26.7%(4/15),12.2% (6/49) and15.8%(9/57) respectively from2010to2012. According to chi-square test, it showed no statistically significant difference on the rate of detection results AIDS awareness of students during three years.ConclusionHIV infection had not found among the college students by monitoring during three years, and the awareness on AIDS of college students was not weak, which showed that AIDS knowledge education for college students had worked because of the attention paid to and also reflected that mastering AIDS knowledge of students was satisfactory. However, mastering enough knowledge can not completely avoid the occurrence of dangerous behavior. Although college students had higher cultural level and have certain knowledge and understanding of AIDS prevention publicity, the degree of participation to consciously guard against AIDS, to change and correct the unhealthy habits is not good enough by three years’of sentinel surveillance. Only a small number of students participated in AIDS testing, some of whom even didn’t want to know the results. The condom use of college students was not ideal when sexual behavior or risky sexual behaviour happened. The incidence of sexual behavior and risky sexual behavior among this college students was still on the rise, so it remained risky factors of spreading AIDS to them. Sexual behavior incidence of students from Dali college located in the western area of China, was17.6%. The study found that sexual behavior incidence of male students from a college in Kunming City was19.2%, which was higher than college students from Guangzhou whose students’ sexual behavior incidence was13.5%. It meaned that the western region of China was also a high-risk area for college students’sexual behavior occurrence, so enough attention should be paid to sexual health education, the rate of sexual behavior and risky sexual behavior occurrence of college students should be controlled and first sexual behavior of them should be advocated to put off to help them establish correct sex behaviors and ideas. College students are more likely to get HIV/AIDS infection because of their own behaviour, therefore, enough attention should be paid to health education and intervention. In the system of AIDS health education in Colleges and universities, safety knowledge education for college students needs to be further strengthened,"AIDS prevention education "and school discipline knowledge education should go hand in hand,"AIDS prevention education" and citizen moral education should be combined, family education and peer education should be conducted at the same time, the condom strategy should be implemented better to improve the consciousness of using condom between sexual partners, health education and intervention should be taught more widely, more social forces to enter colleges to carry out AIDS prevention and health education should be encouraged to guide college students correctly. The sustainable development problem of of the prevention and control of AIDS health education is much more important than its ts conduct and popularization, therefore, pattern innovation and work implementation of sex education in colleges should be done properly. Health institutions should refine the sentinel surveillance work with much intensity, the government needs to encourage and superintend the society to reduce discrimination against AIDS, latent HIV infector of young students are willing to test and do free consultation, coverage of HIV counseling for college students is suggested to expand, convenient VCT service or regular free physical examination for college students could be offered and test results should be informed to the target people timely. Positive results should be told timely and be confidential, and health-seeking behavior should be guided for them. All in all, young students is the future of the country, among whom college students are the elite and the backbone, therefore, there needs the whole society to work together to participate in AIDS prevention and intervention to help them with our best effort, thus a thorough, active and efficient job on preventing HIV/AIDS for college students will be done well. |
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