| Objective Through a large-scale data analysis on the age of onset,sex ratio,cause of injury,type of injury,time from injury to specialist treatment,main diagnosis,complications,treatment methods and outcomes of patients hospitalized with craniocerebral injury in the Department of Neurosurgery and Critical Care Medicine of Taizhou People’s Hospital in the past 5 years,clinical characteristics are discussed to propose prevention and treatment measures,provide data support for reducing the incidence of craniocerebral trauma,and improve the efficiency of treatment of patients with craniocerebral injury.Data and Methods Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 4322 patients with craniocerebral trauma with complete case data in the Department of Neurosurgery and Critical Care Medicine in our hospital from August 1,2015 to July 31,2020,including hospitalization number and age,gender,cause of injury,time from injury to specialist treatment,GCS(Glasgow Coma Scale)at admission,type of injury,whether it is multiple injuries,whether there are related complications,whether to undergo surgical treatment,preoperative GCS,surgical method,time to operation after admission,GOS(Glasgow outcome Scale)at discharge.Using SPSS26.0 for statistical analysis,counting data is expressed as a percentage(%),and the value is accurate to two decimal places.Results 1)Age and Gender Distribution: A total of 4322 patients with traumatic brain injury were included in this study,including 2562 males,1760 females,and male:female=1.46:1.The average age of the patients was 50.36 years old,and patients aged from 41 to 70 years accounted for 58.65% of the total number of cases of craniocerebral injury.2)The change trend of the number of patients with time: With the change of time,the total number of patients with craniocerebral trauma,as well as the total number of male and female patients,showed a downward trend.3)Cause of Injury: There were 1987 cases of traffic injuries(45.97%),1307 cases(30.24%)of fall injuries,530 cases(12.26%)of blow injuries,287 cases(6.64%)of fall injuries,and25 cases(0.58%)of other injuries,and 186 cases(4.30%)of unknown cause of injury.Among them,automobile injuries accounted for the highest proportion of traffic injuries at 68.55%,followed by electric vehicle injuries,which accounts for 29.79%.4)Analysis of Injury Type and Severity: The number of cases of intracranial hemorrhage accounted for the highest proportion of the total number of traumatic brain injuries,which was 57.22%,followed by skull fractures,accounting for 40.49%,also include concussion,scalp hematoma,scalp laceration,diffuse axonal injury,and brainstem injury.At the same time,there were a total of 900 patients with other injuries.At the time of admission,there were 303 cases(7.01%)with GCS 3-5 points,228 cases(5.28%)with GCS 6-8 points,266 cases(6.15%)with GCS 9-12 points,and 3525cases(81.56%)with GCS 13-15 points.5)Specialist Treatment Time: 56.89% of patients received specialist treatment within 2 hours of injury,86.90% of patients received specialist treatment within 6 hours of injury,and 92.32% of patients received specialist treatment within 12 hours of injury.The fastest time from hospital admission to the start of surgery is 30 minutes.The number of cases started surgery within 1,2,3,4,5,and 6 hours after admission accounted for 24.16%,58.92%,68.40%,74.16%,78.25%,and 81.59% of the total 538 surgical patients,respectively.6)Analysis of Complications: The number of cases with complications among all the patients with craniocerebral injury was 741,of which multiple organ dysfunction/failure accounted for the highest proportion at 9.81%.Followed by cases with concurrent infections,accounting for 5.46%,of which lung infections are the main ones;some cases have symptoms of cranial nerve injury,seizures,aphasia,cerebrospinal fluid leakage,electrolyte imbalance,stress ulcers,etc.7)Treatment and Outcome: The number of surgical treatment cases(excluding debridement and suture)was 538 cases(12.45%),and the rest were treated conservatively.According to GOS,the number of cases with good prognosis accounted for 85.72% of the total cases of traumatic brain injury,1.62% for mild disability,2.06% for severe disability,1.94% for plant survival,and8.65% for death.Conclusion 41-70-year-old middle-aged and elderly people are the population with a high incidence of craniocerebral trauma.For children aged under 10 and elderly people aged above 80,the most common causes for injury are falls,while that for people in the rest of the age range are traffic injuries.In addition,from the perspective of time period,traffic injuries have always been the first cause of injuries.The vast majority of patients can be effectively treated within a short period of time after injury,but the preoperative preparation time for surgical patients is longer after admission.Vigorously carrying out the promotion and education of traffic safety knowledge,strengthening the management and control of road safety,paying attention to the monitoring and care of the elderly and children,simplifying the treatment procedures for patients with severe head trauma,shortening the preparation time for effective treatment are helpful to reduce the incidence rate of traumatic brain injury,and can also improve the treatment efficiency of patients with traumatic brain injury. |
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