Analysis Of Chinese Residents’ Health Care Consumption Expenditure And Its Factors

Since the reform and opening-up,China’s economic growth has been rapid,with GDP increasing from 359.3 billion yuan in 1978 to 8330.0 billion yuan in 2018.In2005,China’s rural residents health care consumption expenditure per capita 168.1yuan,by 2018 in rural areas this expenditure per capita has reached 1240.1 yuan.Under the premise of rising income,people are no longer satisfied with consumption only for their own basic survival,and constantly put forward higher-level consumption requirements.The sudden outbreak of the new crown in 2020 has increased the importance people attach to their own health,and the investment in health care products has increased.Human health is the basis of the progress of social civilization,to ensure people’s life,health and safety is the government’s duty,to understand the current situation of China’s residents’ health care consumption expenditure,analysis of its influencing factors,to protect people’s health,improve the level of government public health services,coordinate urban and rural economic development,build a new situation to meet the requirements of health care and health service system is of vital significance.Therefore,this paper takes the urban and township data of 31 provinces and cities in China except Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan as the research object,and studies the consumption expenditure of health care and its influencing factors in China.First of all,this paper makes a descriptive statistical analysis of the above data.The analysis found that in the 14 years from 2005 to 2018,China’s residents’ consumption expenditure on health care increased year by year,and the proportion of total consumption expenditure increased,but there was a big difference between urban and rural areas.Factors such as child dependency ratio,elderly population dependency ratio and residents’ income,which affect the consumption expenditure of urban and rural health care in China,are also changing,and are also different from province to province.Secondly,based on the statistical yearbook data for 2005-2018,this paper establishes a fixed effect model and compares the model results of cities and townships separately.The analysis found that one of the variables that has the greatest impact on the consumption expenditure of health care in China is the income of residents,and the least influential variable is the expenditure of health care and family planning in the public expenditure of the government.At the national level,the household income,health care price index,urbanization rate,elderly population dependency ratio,child-rearing ratio and residents’ health care consumption expenditure change in the same direction,and the impact is less,the average number of years of education,the government public expenditure on health care and family planning and residents in health care consumption expenditure reverse changes,the government public expenditure in health care and family planning expenditure has the least impact.In urban areas,all variables are in the same direction as the consumer spending on health care for residents at the national level.The influence of variables is from large to small: resident income,health care price index,child-rearing ratio,elderly population dependency ratio,urbanization rate,health care and family planning expenditure in government public expenditure.In rural areas,except for the variable of health and family planning expenditure in government public expenditure,which is different from the change direction of residents’ health care consumption expenditure and the national level,the change direction of the change of health care consumption expenditure in the remaining variables is the same as that of the national level.The influence of variables is from large to small: resident income,urbanization rate,health care price index,elderly population support,child support ratio,government public expenditure on health care and family planning expenditure.Finally,based on the empirical analysis results,this paper draws a conclusion,summarizes the direction of change between urban and rural health care consumption expenditure and the variables and the extent of the impact of each variable,and puts forward several policy recommendations accordingly: First,we should focus on raising the income of our residents and establish a reasonable price control mechanism;Second,we should promote the healthy development of urbanization and improve the educational level of residents,and thirdly,we should increase the government’s public health investment,pay attention to a series of influences brought about by the change of population age structure.