Effect Of Iodine On Heart Valves In Rats

Infective endocarditis refers to inflammation caused by infection of the ventricular wall endometrium and heart valve caused by direct infection of pathogenic microorganisms.It is a common serious infectious disease of heart valves or endocardium The disability rate and mortality rate are high,and the incidence rate is increasing year by year,which poses a huge threat to human health and the social health care system.The usual method of IE surgery is to open the heart and completely remove the vegetation and surrounding abscesses.After cleaning,wipe the lesion with a 0.5% iodophor cotton ball,then rinse the heart cavity with 0.1% iodophor,and then rinse the iodophor with normal saline.The purpose of this is to completely remove the bacteria in the lesion,prevent the formation of valve vegetation after surgery and the recurrence of endocarditis.Clinically,we found that during the follow-up of patients undergoing aortic valve replacement in IE,mitral valve thickening and calcification also occurred,and different degrees of reflux occurred.We considered mitral valve thickening and calcification during surgery.The use of iodophor to wipe the valve is related to the thickening and calcification of the mitral valve tissue caused by iodophor.Objective:This project is based on a rat allogeneic neck heart transplantation model.The experiment is divided into three groups,each with 12 donors and recipients.First,the heart of the donor rat in each group is isolated.Referring to the clinical situation of valve treatment in IE surgery,the three groups wiped the aortic valve with 0.5%iodine,0.25% iodine,and normal saline,and then rinsed with normal saline.The donor heart was transplanted into the recipient.Rat neck was used to ensure blood supply to the heart.The recipient rats were sacrificed after 14 days.The local pathological changes of the transplanted heart valves were observed with light and electron microscopy.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect intercellular adhesion molecules-1(ICAM-1))And the expression of ossifying factor alkaline phosphatase(ALP).Methods:Rat allogeneic abdominal heart transplantation model was established.First,the rat’s heart was isolated,and the valve was treated in the clinical IE surgery.Wipe and rinse with 0.5% iodine,0.25 iodine and normal saline.The rat heart mitral valve and aortic valve were divided into groups,and the rat heart was transplanted into the abdominal cavity of the same kind of rats to ensure blood supply to the heart.The recipient rats were sacrificed at different times.For local pathological changes,the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)and ossifying factor alkaline phosphatase(ALP)in valve inflammatory mediators was detected by immunohistochemical staining.Results:1.The aortic valve of the transplanted heart was observed under an electron microscope,and the endothelial cell layer of the valve was relatively intact in the normal saline group,without detachment,the cells were tightly connected,and the endothelial cell layer was not separated from the subcutaneous layer.In the 0.25%iodophor group,the valve endothelial cell layer was relatively complete,and some endothelial cells were detached.The tightness of the intercellular connections was looser than in the normal saline group,and the endothelial cell layer and the subcutaneous layer had not been separated.In the 0.5% iodophor group,the valve endothelial cell layer was incomplete and the endothelial cell layer shrank.Compared with the 0.25% iodovolt group,the endothelial cell layer had a larger defect.A large number of endothelial cells fell off.For looseness,the endothelial cell layer is separated from the subcutaneous layer.2.The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the integrated optical density value IOD of ICAM-1 expression in the 0.25% iodovolt group and the 0.5% iodovolt group was significantly higher than that in the normal saline group,and the difference between the two groups was significantly different from the normal saline group.(P<0.05).3.The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the integrated optical density value IOD of ALP expression in the 0.25% iodophor group and the 0.5% iodophor group was significantly higher than that in the normal saline group,and the difference between the two groups was significantly different from the normal saline group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The thickening and calcification of heart valve after IE operation is related to the use of iodine to wipe the valve during operation.Iodine volts stimulate the mitral valve tissue to induce thickening and calcification of the valve tissue.