Adaptive Analysis And Key Cultivation Techniques Of Early Maturing Color Potato In Anshun,Guizhou Province

Anshun City,Guizhou Province,is an advantageous area for the development of colored potatoes in winter crops due to its unique three-dimensional climate characteristics.However,for a long time,the lack of variety resources,the lack of early-maturing,high-quality,highyield,disease-resistant color potato varieties and backward cultivation techniques are the main factors restricting the development of the winter cropping color potato industry in Anshun.In this study,we first used the national potato industry technology system platform to collect color potato varieties resources from all over the country,conducted field adaptability and nutritional quality analysis,selected early-maturing color potato varieties suitable for planting in Anshun area,and adopted key winter cultivation techniques(seed potato The research on processing,coating method,density,etc.,provides technical support for the development of early-maturing color potato industry in Anshun area.The main findings are as follows:1.Among the 13 colorful potato varieties introduced across the country,Red Rose,S03-538,and Hongmei(Chang)Purple Rose have better comprehensive performance in high yield,nutritional quality,and appearance quality,and are suitable for promotion in Anshun.The growth period of the red rose is 59 d,and the output is 32195.7kg/ha.The potato is long and round,the skin is purple-red,the flesh is pink,the skin is smooth,the bud eyes are shallow,and the average single potato weight is 95.06g;the growth period of S03-538 is 79 d,and the output is up to 24541.9kg/ha,potato-shaped oblate,red skin and deep yellow meat,average weight of single potato is 128.94 g,strong disease resistance,high phosphorus,zinc,magnesium,copper,sodium,potassium,and protein content;Hongmei(long)The growth period is 69 d,and the yield is 22332.1kg/ha.The potato is oblong,the skin color is purple-red,the flesh is pink,the skin is smooth,the bud eyes are light,and the average single potato weight is 94.91g;the growth period of the purple rose is 59 d,and the yield is up to20073.0kg/ha,potato-shaped oblong,purple skin color,purple flesh color,smooth skin,shallow bud eyes,average single potato weight 118.81 g,vitamin C content of 59.2mg/100 g.2.Carry out related experiments on different bud positions and seed potato treatments,and analyze related characters.It is concluded that the color potato yield has a significant positive correlation with the emergence rate and the number of main stems of the plant,and a very significant positive correlation with the weight of a single plant.;The use of whole potato and top bud dicing,longitudinal cutting and dicing can improve the emergence rate of potato and tuber weight per plant;the use of plant ash + agricultural streptomycin 20%wettable powder dressing method can significantly increase the emergence rate,and gibberellin can accelerate germination.Significantly increase the number of main stems of the plant.Considering comprehensive cost input factors,in actual production,use longitudinally cut pieces with the advantage of top buds as seed potatoes,use 10mg/L gibberellin(GA1)for germination treatment(treatment time: 15 minutes),and then use plant ash + agricultural use20% streptomycin wettable powder dressing and then sowing seeds,not only can significantly increase the output of early-maturing colored potatoes in winter,but also help reduce the cost of seed potatoes and improve economic benefits.3.In winter potato production,mulching film can significantly improve the growth of colored potatoes.Potato weight per plant under different film mulching methods: open field cultivation <black film mulching <white film mulching <black film mulching + soil on the film after 20 d< white film mulching + soil on the film after 20 d;placing orders at different densities(plant spacing)Plant weight: 20cm<25cm<30cm.The plant spacing is 30 cm,and the average yield of 25 cm is significantly higher than the plant spacing of 20 cm.The yield of black film mulching + mulching soil after 20 days of sowing and white film mulching +mulching soil after 20 days of sowing was significantly higher than the other three mulching methods.Comprehensive analysis shows that the planting distance is 30 cm,and the use of black film or white film mulch + cover soil after sowing 20 days can not only obtain higher yields,but also save the amount of seed potatoes and save costs.