Research On The Symbiosis Of Livestock Livelihood And Tourism Livelihood Based On Ecosystem Service

Under the background of increasingly worse for environmental pollution and vegetation deterioration of the world,it has become the hot topic about how to promote the harmonious symbiosis of human and nature.As to the traditional nomadic life in Tianshan in Xinjiang,confused by the problems of increasing population and livestock,it is imperative for the shift of livelihood;at the same time,the successful application for the list of world heritage in Tianshan brings the boom of tourism development,and the participation of herdsman in the operation of tourism and continuation to graze coexist.Only when it can realize the symbiosis of livestock livelihood and tourism livelihood depending on ecosystem service of grassland,can it guarantee the ability of grassland ecosystem to provide service,so that it can further promote the sustainable development of regional livelihood and ecology,and finally,it can realize the harmonious symbiosis of human and nature.As to this research,it takes Kalajun world natural heritage site as the case.First of all,by means of the references to the related documents,on the basis of sustainable livelihood theory and symbiosis theory,it constructs the theoretical analysis framework for the symbiosis of livelihood,and analyzes the relationship of them,so that it can lay theoretical foundation for the research on symbiosis of livelihood.Secondly,by means of the dependency model and gray connection model of ecosystem service,it can calculate the IDES of livestock livelihood and tourism livelihood to ecosystem service and also the relevancy of livelihood asset with IDES,so that it can testify whether there is symbiosis relationship between livestock livelihood and tourism livelihood.Thirdly,it starts from the impetus,status,and trend of the relationship of symbiosis of livelihood to explore the symbiosis phenomenon of livestock livelihood and tourism livelihood.Finally,it puts forward the solution and advice to promote the harmonious symbiosis of human and nature in the region.The result shows:(1)Symbiosis of livelihood refers to the status of symbiosis and intercrescence of livestock livelihood and tourism livelihood on the basis of service provided by grassland ecosystem shared by herdsmen together by means of different livelihood asset allocation.Besides,the final intention of symbiosis of livelihood is to reach to the ideal status of symbiosis,which is facultative symbiosis model.(2)There is obvious difference for the benefits of different herdsmen from ecosystem service,so that the development of diverse livelihood is beneficial to reduce the dependency of herdsmen to the single ecosystem service;the herdsmen with tourism and livestock have the highest dependency on ecosystem service,and there is strong correlation between social capital with IDES;livestock livelihood and tourism livelihood depend on ecosystem service mutually,which have symbiosis relationship.(3)The integrity of grassland ecosystem and the ability of it to provide service are the basic foundations to realize symbiosis of livelihood.As to livestock livelihood and tourism livelihood,they are in the status of non-facultative intermittent symbiosis but not the status of symbiosis of facultative and mutual benefit,while it is necessary to promote their symbiosis by implementing a series of measures.