Study On The Characteristics Of Winter Potato Fertilizer Requirement And New Fertilizer Screening

Potato is the fourth largest food crop in the world.The yield and quality of potato were affected by variety characteristics,external environment and cultivation measures,among which nutrient was the most important.Potatoes are fertilizer-loving crops,and the formation and expansion of potato tubers is one of the most important parts of potato growth and development.But at present,in order to increase potato tuber yield in China,there are excessive fertilization and improper fertilization,which increase the production cost,cause waste of resources,and cause serious agricultural non-point source pollution to soil,surface water,groundwater and other environmental factors.Therefore,the study of potato cultivation The characteristics of nutritional composition demand of varieties have important theoretical reference significance for potato nutrient management,and the development of chemical fertilizer substitute products and the screening of new fertilizers have important guiding role in potato production.To explore the application method and reduce the application of chemical fertilizer has an important guiding role for rational fertilization in potato production.In this paper,the effects of different fertilization levels on potato growth were studied in different potato main producing areas,the nutrient demand characteristics of main potato varieties were defined,and the recommended fertilization levels were put forward in different producing areas.The results are as follows:1.Study on nutrient demand characteristics of potato main cultivar.The experiment of3414 with three factors and four levels was carried out simultaneously in Huidong and Liling.We studied the effects of different fertilization levels of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on the growth,yield and yield factors of potato plants.The results showed that the leaf SPAD value,plant height and yield of potato plants increased with the increase of nitrogen application level,and the leaf SPAD value and yield were positively correlated with the nitrogen application level.The leaf SPAD value showed a downward trend,while the yield showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.the leaf SPAD value,yield and phosphorus application level showed a negative correlation,plant height and phosphorus application level showed a positive correlation;with the increase of potassium application level,potato yield first increased and then decreased,yield and potassium application level showed a significant negative correlation.Plant height,leaf SPAD and yield of potato plants increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application level under the condition of high fertility soil in Huidong,Guangdong Province.There was no significant difference between the value,yield and potassium application.And the recommended fertilization scheme in Liling main producing area is pure N 10kg/667m²,P₂O₅ The recommended fertilization scheme kg/667m²,K₂O Huidong main producing area is pure N5kg/667m²,P₂O₅.10 kg/667m²,K₂O 10 kg/667m².2.Potato new fertilizer screening.Based on the main planting variety Xingjia No.2 in Hunan,based on the reduction of fertilizer application by 22-33.3%,bio-organic fertilizer,micro-fertilizer,organic-inorganic intermix,compound microbial fertilizer and chelated humic acid compound fertilizer etc A new type of fertilizer is screened to explore the effect of single or combined application of different new fertilizers on potato growth,yield,and quality,with a view to screening new chemical fertilizers or biological fertilizers.The results show that,in addition to the non-fertilization treatment,compared with the control CK2（conventional fertilization:100kg compound fertilizer）,treatment 7（62.5 kg chelated humic acid compound fertilizer/667m²）,treatment 3（biological organic fertilizer 40kg/667m²+）75kg compound fertilizer/667m²),treatment 4（micro-fertilizer 4kg/667m²+75kg compound fertilizer/667m²）can promote the growth of potato plants;the yield of each treatment is653.45-2153.40kg/667m²,treatment 7 has the highest yield,2153.50 kg/667m²,Followed by treatment 4 and treatment 3,which were 2006.66 and 1946.65kg/667m²,respectively,and the three treatments increased production by 19.82%,11.65%,and 8.2%,respectively,compared to the control CK2.Treatment 8（75kg compound fertilizer）lost 25%less weight than CK2,but the yield difference was not significant,only 3.21%lower than CK2,and the weight loss potential was greater.VC,selenium,dry matter content and other quality differences between treatments were significant.The chelating agent humic acid compound fertilizer,micro-fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer can be used as new alternative fertilizers.40kg/667m²+compound fertilizer 75kg/667m² is applied together.