Drought Irrigation Of Spring Maize And Reasonable Amount Of Phosphorus And Potassium Fertilizers

Xinjiang is a high-yielding area of corn in China.Currently,the main method of increasing the yield is the drip irrigation with plastic film.Determining the optimal amount of irrigation and the optimum amount of nutrient elements is an urgently needed production problem in agricultural production.In this study,under the condition of mulch drip irrigation,the reasonable amount of irrigation and the application amount of phosphorus and potassium in Xinjiang spring corn were studied to meet the nutrients needed for different growth stages of corn under drip irrigation and to save fertilizer.Avoid the excess fertilizer on the soil pollution.Promoting sustainable agricultural development,supporting food security in Xinjiang,and improving the competitiveness of corn production are of great significance to improving China’s agricultural production capacity.The results of the study are as follows:（1）The chlorophyll content increased at first and then decreased with the increase of irrigation amount in the same growth period.The corn yield and irrigation model was constructed:y=-0.0013x²+15.155x-27552.According to this model,the highest yield（1037 kg/667m²）and the highest economic yield（1091.8 kg/667m²）were calculated,and the corresponding maximum yield was obtained.Irrigation volume（388.4m³/667m²）and optimal irrigation volume（370 m³/667m²）.Compared with farmer households,the level of production increased by 341.8 kg/667m²,which is 50m³/667m²lower than the drip irrigation level of farmers,and is 130-230 m³/667m²lower than that of farmer households.（2）The maize yield changed parabolically with the increase of potassium application.A maize yield and potash use model was constructed:y=-0.1858x²+56.974x+9609.8.This model calculates the highest yield（931.8 kg/667m²）and the best economic yield（880.9 kg/667m²）,corresponding to the highest yield.Fertilizer amount（10.2kg/667m²）and optimum economic yield（8.3 kg/667m²）.Compared with farmers,the level of yield increase was 1963 kg/667m².Drip irrigation level increased yield and saved K fertilizer application amount increased by 38.7 yuan per acre.（3）The LAI first increased and then decreased with the increase of phosphorus application amount at the jointing stage.Too little or too much phosphorus in the big bellmouth stage and tasseling stage will reduce the LAI.The corn yield and phosphorus application model was constructed:y=-0.2208x²+93.796x+6428.7.According to this model,the highest yield was 1092.7 kg/667m²and the best economic yield was 1058.6 kg/667m²,and the corresponding maximum fertilization amount（14.2 kg/667m²）and optimum economic yield fertilization（12.3 kg/667m²）.Compared with the farmers,the level of production increased by 308.6 kg/667m².The drip irrigation level increased the yield per acre and saved the application of phosphate fertilizer increased the income by 177.7 yuan.For the drip irrigation corn cultivation conditions in Xinjiang,the yield range is1000-1200 kg/667m²,the planting density is 7000-8000 strains/667m²,and the optimal water consumption for high yield is 360-380 m³/667m²,and the urea application rate is 55-75 kg/667m²,P₂O₅dosage is 9-12.5 kg/667m²,and K₂O dosage is 8-10 kg/667m².