| Recently,biochar is widely used in agricultural production as soil conditioner and fertilizer carrier.In this study,we conducted the field and pot experiments,to investigate ithe effects of the way and amount of biochar application on maize growth and topsoil micro-environment in semi-arid area of cold region.For the reasonable use of straw resource and improve saline-alkali soil in cold arid regions,and to provide a reference for the theory.The research was conducted in Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University experimental field.Biochar was provided by Liaoning Jinhefu Ltd..The cultivar of tested maize was Zhengdan 958 which were grown by traditional cultivation methods with 0.65 m equal row spacing.The effects of two ways of biochar application（on the top of ridge,at the bottom of ridge）and different amounts of biochar amendment(10t·hm-2,20t·hm-2,40t·hm-2,80t·hm-2)on topsoil micro-environment were studied.We screened the most appropriate way of carbon amendment for planting corn and improve soil,it was biochar applied on the top of ridge.The effects of different amount of biochar amendment on corn growth and development were studied.At the same time we performed the pot experiment to study the effect of different biochar fertilizer amendment on corn growth and development and soil physical and chemical properties.The main results were as follows:1.exerted on the ridge and the ridge bottom biochar can significantly reduce soil bulk density.Increase soil porosity,biochar application can significantly increase soil organic matter content,soil total nitrogen,soil available phosphorus content.Ridge and applying different amounts of carbon ridge bottom two kinds of applied carbon mode of treatment,topsoil number of bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes increased significantly compared with the control,and positively correlated with the amount of carbon was applied.On the ridge under Shi charcoal way,LSC40,LSC80,LSC20,LSC10 processing 25.99%higher than the control yield,22.39%,16.78%,5.02%.When applied to the bottom ridge biochar process LDC80,LDC40,LDC20,LDC10 than control production increased 25.34%,20.13%,15.15%,3.96%.2.biochar can improve the plant height,stem promote dry matter accumulation,increase stems potassium content.Biochar was applied between the dwarf maize stem base steadily grow three to five,increasing the corn stem diameter,stem enhances skin elasticity and puncture force stems so thick stem,tough.Adding biochar soil after corn chlorophyll content,photosynthetic rate and leaf area index increases the amount of carbon is applied firstly and then increased and then decreased,compared with the treatment is not applied biochar,biochar is applied to the processing of leaf area index increase the range of 11.44%～38.93%,chlorophyll content increased in the range of 1.98%-8.49%,also significantly increased photosynthetic rate.3.The Biochar basal fertilizers can accelerate the growth of corn and soil nutrient content,the effect is significant.Compared with conventional fertilization at 40～80d,leaf area index,photosynthetic rate after corn emergence,dry matter accumulation,respectively,the highest increase of 32.34%,21.77%,19.79%.Improved soil nitrogen by 11.02%,a 1.33%increase in soil potassium,phosphorus soil improved 40.84%..Fertilizer carbon ratio of 8:2 or 7:3 Maize plant growth and improve soil properties more prominent. |
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