| Photonic crystals, which can mold the flow of light, have attracted a great deal of attention from physicists and engineers. Fabricating mesoscale photonic crystals of large area and high quality is still a great challenge. In this thesis, I report the fabrication of photonic quasicrystals using the holographic lithography method, a good method for fabricating mesoscale structures.;Based on the fabrication of 2-D quasicrystals with a Penrose structure, a ten-beam interference lithography method was used to fabricate 3-D periodic quasicrystals in photoresist SU-8. The 3-D periodic quasicrystals showed quasiperiodicity of a Penrose in the x-y plane, but were periodic in the z direction. The samples exhibited photonic band gaps in the visible range and displayed a simple relation between periodicities and polymeric volume fractions, revealing agreement with Bragg's Diffraction Relation.;Submicron-sized icosahedral quasicrystals were fabricated using a novel seven-beam holographic lithography in both photoresist SU-8 and holographic plate DCG emulsions. Electron micrographs of the photoresist samples showed clearly the symmetries of icosahedral quasicrystals, resembling computer simulation results. More importantly, the holographic plate samples exhibited band gaps in the visible range, which could be interpreted by the reflection planes inside the icosahedral quasicrystal. |
