Evaluation And Analysis Of The Social Value Of US National Park Ecosystem Services Based On Tourists

National parks contain abundant natural,human,animal and plant resources,showing the unique charm of the natural ecological environment,and having important scientific research value,social value and ecological conservation function.For China,the construction of national parks is conducive to the construction of ecological security barriers and the protection of various types of natural ecosystems.The establishment of the national park system is conducive to reconstructing and integrating the natural and cultural heritage resources of our country,effectively protecting the ecological civilization of our country,and promoting the coordinated development of ecological tourism,national economy and social culture.Internationally,national parks have developed for a long time,but they are still in an emerging stage in China.As the first country in the world to propose the concept of the national park and establish national parks,the United States has a perfect national park system and rich experience in development,which is worth learning from.From the perspective of visitors,taking the 2016 National Park Visitors Review as the sample data,this paper follows the design steps of sample collection-word frequency statistics-high frequency feature words and network semantic analysis-open coding-axial coding-ecosystem service social value analysis.The steps are to conduct research on the National Parks of the United States.The review data comes from the US National Park Service' s 2016 Visitor Survey Card Program,which surveys visitors' satisfaction with the overall quality of facilities,services and entertainment opportunities within the National Park and their understanding of the importance of the National Park.After screening,the data of 52 National Park reviews were obtained,and word frequency analysis was carried out by using WordCounter website.The high frequency feature words were obtained,and the network semantic graph was obtained by using ROST.Then,the first two levels of coding in the grounded theory method were used to summarize the sample data.Finally,it comes to the conclusion that the US National Park has aesthetic value,biodiversity value,future value,learning value,historical value,cultural value,spiritual value,therapeutic value,life sustaining value,economic value,intrinsic value,recreational value and national value,a total of 13 Social Values.Based on the analysis of the social value of the national park ecosystem services in the United States,suggestions are made for the construction of China' s national parks.The research contents of the text mainly include the following three aspects:The first part(asking questions):there are two chapters.The first chapter is the introduction,which mainly includes the research background,research significance,research content and research methods.The second chapter is the literature review section,including the concept of national parks,the research progress of national parks,the concept and connotation of ecosystem services,the evaluation of ecosystem services value and the study of social value of ecosystem services,which provide theoretical support for this research.The second part(analysis questions):consists of the third and fourth chapters.Follow the design steps of data collection-word frequency statistics-high frequency feature words and network semantic analysis-open coding-spindle coding-result analysis.Combining with the network semantic analysis graph,and analyzing the proportion of the words"nature" and "history" in the National Park Visitor reviews,the American national parks are divided into two categories:natural type and historical type.According to the results of the study,a comparative analysis of natural and historical national parks in the United States was conducted,and the results of 52 national parks were summarized for overall analysis.The third part(solving problems):consists of the fifth and sixth chapters.Based on the analysis of the social value of the national park ecosystem services in the fourth chapter,we provide suggestions for the construction of national parks in China,sort out the research conclusions,and discuss the research innovations and deficiencies.Analysis conclusions:(1)Natural national parks basically have aesthetic value,biodiversity value and intrinsic value.Depending on their own conditions,they may have recreational and cultural values.Historical national parks basically have historical value,and often carry cultural and aesthetic values.The two have their own points,but they also cross each other.(2)The most important social values of American National Parks are aesthetic value,biodiversity value,learning value,recreation value,historical value,future value,intrinsic value,national value,and life sustaining value.The appearance of spiritual value,cultural value and therapeutic value is less than half of the former,and economic value rarely appears.(3)Compared with the types of social services provided by previous ecosystems,national parks have more national value.(4)In the comments of tourists,the aesthetic value,future value,and life sustaining value rank high,and the awareness of environmental protection is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.(5)When the national park is relatively close to the urban agglomeration,tourists will come to the national park on holidays to release stress and relax the body and mind,so the probability of commenting on spiritual value will be greatly increased.(6)Most national parks in the United States have a "wilderness”nature,so when national parks have historical value,they do not necessarily have cultural value at the same time,but if national parks have cultural value,then historical value often appears.(7)Except for national parks that have natural resources for health care,there will be strong therapeutic value.Tourists go to national parks mainly for sightseeing and outdoor recreational activities,and there is less demand for treatment.(8)The main function of the United States National Park is to protect the integrity of ecology and history for contemporary and future generations,to provide support for spiritual,scientific research,education,recreation and other activities.It does not promote the economic development of national parks.According to the research and analysis results,this article puts forward five suggestions for the construction of China' s national parks:(1)adhere to the principle of protection first;(2)promote local cultural values;(3)build a science education base;(4)improve the national park' s Public welfare;(5)Pay attention to the development of recreational value.