Research On Underwater Network Routing Protocol Based On Energy Balance And Link Stability

With the rapid development of underwater acoustic communication technology,research on underwater networking is gradually emerging.Underwater sensor network is the application of wireless sensor network technology in underwater scenes.It is a network system composed of a large number of sensor nodes with computing power and acoustic communication capabilities.It is widely used in underwater resource exploration,pollution monitoring,disaster warning and auxiliary navigation And many other fields.However,due to the complexity of the underwater environment and the short research time,the current related technologies of underwater sensor networks are still not perfect,and there are still many key issues that need to be resolved.The communication environment between the underwater network and the land network is completely different,and the existing routing protocols cannot meet the needs of the underwater network.In this paper,after studying the underwater communication environment and the topology of the underwater sensor network,it is found that the underwater sensor network has the characteristics of multi-hop,high delay,low bandwidth,large attenuation,limited energy and poor robustness.In view of these characteristics,this article selects the classic AODV routing protocol in Ad Hoc network for improvement.The main goal is to improve the energy utilization efficiency and reduce the risk of link breakage under the premise of limited energy.The main research contents are as follows:First,the energy consumption model of the underwater sensor network is established and the current mainstream routing protocols are studied,with emphasis on the route discovery,route repair,and route maintenance processes of the AODV protocol.Next,the route discovery process of the AODV protocol is improved,and the idea of weighting is introduced to comprehensively consider the energy state and link stability factors of the node.Only when the current state of the node meets the conditions can it be eligible to become the next hop node to establish the route.Subsequently,the local repair mechanism of the AODV protocol was improved,and the network overhead was reduced by limiting the number of messageforwarding during the routing repair process.At the same time,the slow start mechanism and the hop-by-hop back-off mechanism are combined.When the local repair fails,the upstream node tries to repair again,which further reduces the energy consumption and response time of the route repair.Finally,this paper tests the performance of the improved routing protocol through simulation experiments.The results show that the improved protocol has improved performance in terms of network survival time,first dead node appearance time,and transmission success rate.This achieves the goal of extending the network life cycle and ensuring long-term stable operation of the underwater sensor network.