Design And Development Of Simple Shipboard Navigator

The development of radio navigation technology has greatly improved the safety of ship navigation,and the widespread use of US GPS on ships has revolutionary significance for ship traffic.China has independently built the Beidou satellite navigation system since 1994.After years of development and completion,the Beidou system has played a huge role in the fields of transportation,agriculture,forestry and fishery,and communication timing.In the field of ships,the application of Beidou shipborne navigator is still in its infancy,compared with GPS,it still has a significant gap in product types and quantities.With the further improvement of the Beidou system and the vigorous promotion of national policies,China is about to usher in the golden age of Beidou navigation product research and development,with broad development space and huge market demand.To this end,this article designs and manufactures a simple shipborne navigator for small ships.It consists of five parts: satellite antenna,GPS / Beidou dual-mode navigation and positioning module,single-chip microcomputer,7-inch liquid crystal display,and voltage stabilizing module.With real-time display of ship's latitude and longitude,ship speed,course,number of visible satellites,positioning accuracy and other information functions,and can also be used as an external navigation device for electronic charts.The design content mainly includes the following parts:(1)The design of the overall function of the navigator.Analyze and determine the functions that the navigator needs to achieve;choose the appropriate GPS/Beidou dual-mode positioning and navigation module ATGM332 D,the main controller STC12C5A16S2 single-chip microcomputer,voltage regulator chip LM2576S5.0 and LCD screen CJT04301.(2)The design of the hardware circuit of the navigator.Use the single chip microcomputer to collect,analyze and process the received positioning information,and drive the LCD screen to display the processed positioning data;the satellite positioning circuit,the main controller peripheral circuit and the voltage regulator circuit are designed,and the appropriate communication module is selected;using Altium Designer Draw the general electrical schematic diagram and PCB diagram,and complete the connectivity test of the soldered circuit board circuit.(3)The design of navigator control software.Through programming,different hardware modules can work together.The main program includes system initialization program,serial port reception interrupt program,positioning information analysis processing program and screen refresh display program;through navigator user interface design and processing of positioning information,the function of displaying ship-related information is realized.(4)The overall debugging of the navigator and the realization of electronic charts.Test the electrical performance of the navigator when it works independently and the first positioning time in different environments.Using serial communication,the positioning information is transmitted to the computer and displayed on the electronic chart.The results show that the electrical performance indicators of the navigator meet the design requirements,the average time of cold start positioning in various weathers is 34 S,and the ship positioning can be quickly and accurately achieved on the electronic chart.