| ObjectiveThe objective of investigating the synergistic effect of FUS on anhydrous ethanol and lauromacrogol in ablating rabbit liver by focusing ultrasound.Methods(1)Efficacy of ethanol enhanced focused ultrasound ablation of rabbit liver1 Group and treatment of experimental animals: 27 healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomized to the 3 groups: ethyl alcohol group(EA),FUS combined with ethyl alcohol group(FUS +EA),FUS group,9 animals in each group.As follows: Each rab bit took out the right lobe of the liver from the abdomen,took the thicker part of the liver as the injection point,and injected the corresponding drug under ultrasound guid ance.Absolute ethanol ablation,alcohol ablation combined with FUS treatment,and F US treatment alone.In the combined group,FUS vertical irradiation was used to simul taneously irradiate the alcohol injection area.The ’injection dose was 0.2m L/ times,a nd the injection was controlled slowly,and the injection time was controlled at 20s;FUS instrument using high-grade,power is 12.5W±20%,irradiation time is 20 s.Each gro up is treated separately before and after treatment routine ultrasonography was perform ed on the area,and 0.1 m L "lipid fluoride" was injected 48 hours after treatment for contrast-enhanced ultrasonography.The length(L),width(W),and height(H)of the a blation lesion were observed and measured,and calculated using the ellipse volume for mula Volume(V = πLWH/6),then put to death animals,each group of 8 only experimental rabbit liver focal ablation and through measuring cylinder drainage method of measuring volume ablation,remaining 1 used for pathological observation.2 Temperature monitoring: the middle liver of 8 rabbits in FUS group were drag ged out of the abdominal cavity and wrapped with sterile gauze block soaked in salin e.Under the guidance of high-frequency ultrasound,the temperature needle traveled dia gonally along the liver edge to the sparse distribution of blood vessels and bile ducts in the liver lobe,and the tip of the needle reached about 1cm to the liver surface.Th e temperature change in the region where the temperature needle was measured was o bserved and recorded within 60 s.During puncture,the larger blood vessels and bile duc ts in the liver should be avoided.During the experiment,the temperature change of ra bbit liver in FUS irradiation region was measured with a thermometer needle to obtain the value of temperature change,and the temperature curve was plotted with graph pr ism 7.3 Pathological observationOne experimental rabbit was selected from each group,and the ablation area of th e right lobe of the liver was fixed at 4% paraformaldehyde,and paraffin was embedde d and cut.HE staining was performed and the pathological changes of liver tissues in each group were observed by light microscopy.(2)Effectiveness of lauromacrol enhanced focused ultrasound ablation of rabbit liv er:1 Grouping and treatment of’ experimental animals: 27 healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: the lauromacrogol group(LM),the focus ed ultrasound combined with lauromacrogol group(FUS + LM),and the focused ultras ound group(FUS),with 9 rabbits in each group.The specific experimental process wa s as follows: each rabbit took the thicker part of the right lobe of the liver as the injection site,injected the corresponding drugs under the guidance of ultrasound,and then underwent LM ablation,FUS+LM ablation,and FUS irradiation,respectively.The inje ction dose was 0.2 m L/ times,and the injection time was controlled at 20 s.FUS USES high grade,power 12.5w ±20%,irradiation time 20 s.Between groups in treatment resp ectively before and after the treatment area of conventional ultrasound and contrast-enh anced ultrasound examination,after 48 hours after the ear marginal vein group note "f at fluorine show",the dose of 0.1 m L/times,observe and measure the length of the fo cal ablation(L),width(W)and height(H),using elliptical volume formula to calculat e the volume(V = π LWH / 6),then put to death animals,each group of 8 only exp erimental rabbit liver focal ablation and through measuring cylinder drainage method of measuring volume ablation,remaining 1 only do pathological observation.2 Pathological observationOne experimental rabbit was taken from each group.The ablation area of the rig ht lobe of the liver was fixed to 4% paraformaldehyde,and sections were embedded i n paraffin to perform he staining.The pathological changes of liver tissue in each gro up were observed with an optical microscope.Result1 Experimental study on the effectiveness of absolute ethanol enhanced focused ult rasound ablation of rabbit liver(1)Measurement of ablation volume with graduated cylinder methodNo visible ablation foci were found in the experimental rabbit liver of the FUS g roup alone,with the volume of the ablation foci being 0m L,0.90(0.70,1.05)m L in th e FUS+EA group,and 0.20(0.20,0.26)m L in the EA group.The ablation volumes of each group were not all the same,and the difference was statistically significant(Z=27.04,P =0.00 < 0.05).Further pair comparison results showed that the ablation volume of FUS+EA group was higher than that of the other two groups,and the difference was statistically significant(Z=5.20,-2.60,P <0.05).The difference was statistically si gnificant(Z=2.6,P =0.03 <0.05);(2)Contrast-enhanced ultrasound and gross specimen evaluationContrast-enhanced ultrasound revealed no obvious ablation foci in the FUS group,while the ablation foci in the EA and FUS+EA groups presented filling defects.Contr ast-enhanced ultrasound results were consistent with that of general specimens.Accordi ng to the ellipse volume formula,the ablation volume of FUS group was 0 cm3,FUS+EA group was 0.93(0.72,1.29)cm3,and EA group was 0.21(0.18,0.27)cm3.Groups of ablation volume is not all the same,the difference was statistically significant(Z = 26.80,P = 0.00 < 0.05),further set pair,according to the results of comparative betw een FUS + EA group and FUS,FUS + EA group compared with EA group,the diffe rence was statistically significant(Z = 5.18,2.56,P < 0.05),the EA group and FUS ablation volume comparison,the difference was statistically significant(Z = 2.56,P = 0.03 < 0.05),and melting FUS group effect is not obvious,most have never see clear focal ablation.(3)Temperature measurement resultsThe base temperature of rabbit liver was 35.76±0.88℃,and the highest temperatur e of rabbit liver in FUS irradiation area was 44.04±1.26℃.(4)The pathologic resultFUS group did not produce any microvascular pathological damage,while the othe r two groups showed extensive hepatocellular coagulation necrosis.2.Study on the effectiveness of lauromacrol enhanced focused ultrasound to ablate r abbit liver(1)Measurement of ablation volume with graduated cylinder methodNo visible ablation foci were produced in the experimental rabbit liver of the FU S group alone,with the volume of the ablation foci being 0m L,the volume of the abl ation foci being 0.32(0.24,0.32)m L in the FUS+LM group,and the volume of the abl ation foci being 0.19(0.14,0.24)m L in the LM group.The ablation volumes of each group were not all the same,and the difference was statistically significant(Z=27.04,P =0.00 < 0.05).Comparison results of two groups showed that the ablation volume of FUS+LM group was higher than that of FUS group alone,and the difference was stati stically significant(Z=4.76,P =0.00<0.05).The ablation volume of LM group was hig her than that of FUS group alone,and the difference was statistically significant(Z=2.87,P =0.01<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the ablation volu me between FUS+LM group and LM group(Z=-1.69,P =0.27 > 0.05).(2)Contrast-enhanced ultrasound and gross specimen evaluationUltrasound results were consistent with that of general specimens.According to th e ellipse volume formula,the ablation volume of FUS group was 0cm3,FUS+LM grou p was 0.32(0.24,0.32)cm3,and LM group was 0.19(0.14,0.24)cm3.Groups of ablation volume is not all the same,the difference was statistically significant(Z = 22.23,P = 0.00 ＜ 0.05),FUS + LM ablation volume is higher than pure FUS group,the differen ce was statistically significant(Z = 4.65,P = 0.00 ＜ 0.05)LM ablation volume is hig her than pure FUS group,difference was statistically significant(Z = 3.00,P = 0.01＜0.05),FUS + LM group there was no statistically significant difference with LM gr oup ablation volume(Z = 1.46,P = 0.44 ＜ 0.05)Conclusion1.Focused ultrasound stimulation of anhydrous ethanol can produce significant syn ergistic effect,significantly increasing the ablation volume of anhydrous ethanol on rab bit liver;2.Focused ultrasound stimulation of lauromacrogol did not produce obvious syner gistic effect,and could not significantly increase the ablation volume of lauromacrogol on rabbit liver;... |
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