| Objective: To investigate the growth and development of kindergarten children in a district of Dalian in 2018,in the form of questionnaire survey screening out the overweight and obese children,understand local preschool children the incidence of overweight and obesity,master degree of parents of obese children cognitive,final purpose is to analyze the causing factors of childhood obesity in Dalian,clear the most appropriate ways to reduce obesity in preschool children in the region,It provides a strong decision basis for further prevention and correction of preschoolers' simple obesity.Methods: A self-designed questionnaire was used,and a cross-sectional study was used to randomly select a group of preschool children aged 3-5 from 12 childcare institutions in a district of Dalian to distribute the questionnaire.Collected by a self-made questionnaire “Parental Health Development Survey for Preschool Children” and classified according to relevant standards.The questionnaire includes the child's age,gender,place of residence(urban / non-urban),height and weight of the child,whether twins,parental age,parental weight,birth method(down delivery / cesarean section),what food the child does not like to eat,Information on children's diet and daily life.The "child weight standard table" issued by the WHO in 2006 was used as the criterion for obesity,and pathological obesity was excluded.After the questionnaires were collected,the data were collected.Use Epidata3.1for double entry data,and use SPSS 23.0 statistical software for statistical analysis.Descriptive analysis of the survey situation,single-factor analysis using chi-square test,multi-factor analysis using binary classification logistic regression.Results: 1.Among the 749 preschool children participating in the survey,there were 386 boys,accounting for 51.5%;and 363 girls,accounting for 48.5%.The age range is 3-5 years,with an average age of 4 years.A total of 58 obese children were detected,and the obesity detection rate was 7.4%.The overweight detection rate was 14.8%.The obesity rate is 11.4% for boys and 3.9% for girls.The obesity rates were 8.56%,7.09%,and 7.72%,respectively.Among the overweight people,there were 63 boys and 48 girls.The overweight rate of boys was 16.3%;the overweight rate of girls was 13.2%.2.Unifactorial analysis:(1)General demographic characteristics of preschool children: childhood obesity was related to gender,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05),while it was unrelated to children's age,and the difference was not statistically significant(P >0.05).(2)Parental factors: obesity of preschoolers was related to the occupation of the father,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),while it was not related to the occupation of the mother,and the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).(3)Birth status: obesity of preschoolers was related to feeding mode,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but it was not related to birth weight,birth gestational week or the addition of the first auxiliary food type,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).(4)Family status: obesity of preschoolers was not related to maternal nutrition during pregnancy,weight gain during pregnancy,family monthly income,or per capita of primary caregivers,with no statistically significant difference(P > 0.05).(5)Children's diet and daily behavior: preschoolers' obesity was related to not eating cereal and its products,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).However,it was not related to whether they were picky eaters,whether they liked meat and sweet food,the type of extra meal and whether they liked western fast food,and the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).3.Multivariate analysis: All influencing factors were taken as independent variables and classified data as covariables and included in the regression model.It was found that gender,paternal education,paternal occupation,and not eating cereal were associated with obesity in preschool children,and the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).Boys(P < 0.01,OR=3.294,95%ci [1.750,6.202])were more likely to be obese.Children with low educational background of their father are more likely to be obese,and the obesity rate of children with father's education background of university degree OR above is 0.276 times that of children with father's education background of junior high school OR below(P < 0.01,OR=0.276,95%ci [0.115,0.664]).Children whose fathers were commercial OR service workers(P=0.030,OR=0.354,95%ci [0.139,0.903]),enterprise employees and workers(P < 0.01,OR=0.331,95%ci [0.146,0.747])and other occupations(P=0.026,OR=0.164,95%ci [0.033,0.802])had lower obesity rates than those whose fathers were civil servants.Children who do not eat cereal are more likely to be obese(P < 0.01,OR=2.622,95%ci [1.332,5.160]).Conclusion: 1.The simple obesity rate of children aged 3-5 years in Ganjingzi Disrict,Dalian is higher than the national comprehensive level,which threatens the health of children in this area to some extent.2.There are significant gender differences in obesity among preschoolers aged from 5 years old and age differences among children of the same sex: the obesity rate of boys is significantly higher than that of girls;the obesity rate of boys increases year by year in the early school age,while the obesity rate of girls decreases year by year.Breastfeeding is a protective factor for simple obesity in preschoolers.3.Obesity of preschoolers is not necessarily related to the BMI and birth weight of parents,but it is related to the educational background of the father and the occupation of the father: the lower the educational background of the father,the higher the probability of obesity;Children whose fathers were civil servants had a higher incidence of obesity than those whose fathers were in other occupations.4.Children's dislike of cereals is a risk factor for childhood obesity. |
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