Studies On Anti-Tumor Activities And Chemical Constituents Of Salicornia Europaea L.

Salicornia europaea L.is an economic plant of Chenopodiaceae Salicornia which can grow in saline-alkali land and beach and other heavy saline soil.Salicornia is rich in nutrients,vitamin C and amino acids in stem,which is a healthy green food;seeds are high-grade chemical raw materials for food and medicine;as a folk medicine,Salicornia has the functions of liver,diuresis and hypotension,and it is mainly used for hypertension and migraine.For a long time,Salicornia mainly depends on wild collection.In recent years,artificial planting has the advantage of resource availability.It can realize large-scale development and utilization.It is worthy of in-depth study on the active substance basis of Salicornia europaea L.In this study,we explored the activities of Salicornia europaea L.in regulating chronic diseases of glycolipid metabolism,improving immunity and anti-cancer.Firstly,the cell activity of different polar components of the extract was screened.The selected cells included mouse macrophage raw264.7,human non-small cell lung cancer A549,human hepatocellular carcinoma cell HepG2,glioma cell U251 and mouse fibroblast(preadipocyte)3T3-L1.Among them,n-butanol fraction has the effect of promoting the proliferation of mouse macrophage raw264.7,while petroleum ether fraction has a good inhibitory effect on the growth of human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells.At the concentration of 200 μg/mL for 72 hours,the inhibitory rate reaches 78%.Therefore,petroleum ether fraction of Salicornia europaea L.extract has an excellent anti-proliferation activity against A549 cells.On this basis,we studied the preparation technology of the active component of petroleum ether.The conclusion is that the optimum extraction solvent is 70% ethanol,and the optimum enrichment method is water saturated petroleum ether extraction.This study stabilized the preparation process of the active component of Salicornia salicornis against A549 cells.To determine the main types of petroleum ether components that exhibit anticancer activity,18 compounds were identified by GC-MS,NO.11(9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid,methyl ester,(Z,Z,Z)-),NO.13(9,12-Octadecadienoic acid(Z,Z)-)and NO.17(Cholest-5-en-3-ol(3á)-,tetradecanoate)had the anticancer activity among them.At the same time,three main active compounds were separated and identified from the active component by systematic separation.They were Akebonic acid(1),24-methylenecycoartanol(2),Pheophorbide a(3).Therefore,this study preliminarily identified that the active components in the petroleum ether extract of Salicornia europaea L.which played a major role in anti-proliferation of A549 cells.In this study,the material basis of Salicornia europaea L.was also studied.The components of petroleum ether and n-butanol in its ethanol extract were separated by various chromatographic techniques(silsca gel,Sephadex LH-20,ODS,HPLC,MCI).The structures of the compounds were identified by MS,NM-R,IR and UV spectroscopy.Two compounds were isolated and identified from the n-butanol extraction of Salicornia europaea L.They were: 3β-hydroxy-1-oxo-30-norolean-12,20(29)-dien-28-oic acid(4),and 3β-hydroxy-30-norhederagenin(5);Four compounds were isolated and identified from the petroleum ether extraction of Salicornia europaea L,they were Stigmasterol(6),β-sitosrerol(7),24-Ethyl-5α-cholesta-7,22-dien-3β-ol(8),phytol(9).Compounds 4 and 5 were isolated from Salicornia plants for the first time.It enriches the chemical types of this genus.