Studies On The Chemical Constituents And Their Anticancer And Anti-inflammatory Activity Of Juncus Effuses L.

Juncus effusus L. belongs to the genus Juncus L. It has been used as a folk medicine in treating insomnia, urethritis, pyrexia, eclampsia and fever sore in China. This genus are widely distributed and resources. And J. effusus L. study is relatively active, it has been reported that isolated from various compounds from Juncus effuses L., including phenanthrene and 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, but recent studies have found that there is obvious effect of this genus in some plants in anticancer and cytotoxic activities, antibacterial, antialgae, anti eczema, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, sedative and antianxiety, antioxidant, etc.. In order to explore the material basis of herbal science activity, we studied J. effusus L. of chemical constituents and pharmacological activity.Objective:This study design for discuss the structures of the compounds isolated from J. effusus L.and their anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity.Content: 1. To isolate, purify and identify the chemical components from J. effusus L. 2. To explore their potential anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro of the components of phenanthrene and 9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene and two new compounds.Method: 1. The Et OH extract of medullae of J. effuses L. was subjected to the PTCL, silicagelcolumn chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 chromatography and RP-8chromatography to afford pure compounds. The structures were identify by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, ESI, HRESI, IR, UV, X-ray methods. 2. The anticancer of the compounds was evaluated by CCK-8 assay against five human cancer cell lines(Hep G2, Hela, MCF-7, SHSY-5Y, SMMC-7721). And these isolates except 19 were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide activated murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells.Result: 1.31 components were isolated from J. effusus L.: effususins A(1), effusesins B(2), effususins C(3), effususins D(4), 5-(1-methoxyethyl)-1-methyl-9,10-d ihydrophe-nanthrene-2,7-diol(5), 5-(1-methoxyethyl)-1-methylphen-anthren-2,7-diol(6), 8-hydroxymethyl-2-hydroxy-1-methyl-5-vinyl-9,10-dihydrophena-nthrene(7), effusol:(2, 7-Dihydroxy-1-methyl-5-vinyl-9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene)(8), dehydroeffusol(9), 2, 7-dihydroxy-1-methyl-5-aldehyde-9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene(10), dehydroeffusal(11), Juncuenin F(12), 2, 7-dihydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-9, 10-dihydrophenathrene(13), 5-hydroxymethyl-1-methylphenanthrene-2,7-diol(14), 2, 7-dihydroxy-1, 8-dimethyl-5-vinyl-9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene(15a), juncusol(15b), dehydrojuncusol(16), Dehydrojuncuenin E(17), juncuenin G(18), Dehydrojuncuenin D(19), 1-methylpyrene-2, 7-diol(20),(E)-pentacos-20-enamide(21), ef-f ususins G(22), balanophonin B(23), 2-O-p-coumaroyl glyceride(24), 2-O-ferul-o yl glyceride(25), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarbo-xaldehyde(26), 3-oxo-α-ionol(27), β-sitosterol(28), stigmast-4-en-6β-ol-3-one(29), 3β-hydroxy-5α,8α- epidiocyergosta-6E, 22E-diene(30).Among these components: compounds 1-20 arephenan-threne and 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, compounds21 are aliphatic amine, compo-und23, 24 isphenylpropanoid, compounds24 and 25 are benzo glycerol, others 26, 27 and compounds28-30 are sterides. 2. Most of phenanthrene and 9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene showed the different degrees of potency against three cancer cell lines and inhibited the NO production.Discussion: 1. Compounds1-7, 21, 22 were new natural compound23, 25, 26, 27 were reports from this genus for the first time. 2. 15 antitumor active constituents and 18 anti-inflammatory active constituents were found. The anticancer activity in vitro show that hydrogenation in 9th and 10 th state, a vinyl group at C-5 of C ring and the phenolic hydroxyl group at C-7 in the molecule is essential for anticancer activity.