Study On Risk Factors Related To Recurrent Wheezing In Infants And Toddlers

Objective By studying the relationship between physical factors,environmental factors,genetic factors,premature delivery,cardiopulmonary dysplasia,infectiousfactors,accidents(mainly referring to bronchial foreign bodies)and recurrent wheezing in infants and toddlers,the risk factors of recurrent wheezing were found to provide theoretical basis for assessing the risk of recurrent wheezing,early treatment and public health planning,so as to control asthma early and reduce future wheezing attacks.Methods A retrospective analysis method was used to collect data using a case collection form.288 children with recurrent wheezing(wheezing times ≥3 times,two wheezing intervals > 1 week)who were hospitalized in the Department of respiratory medicine of Dalian Children’s Hospital from June 2015 to December 2018 were selected as case group,and the same age 288 children with previous wheezing symptoms and wheezing times≤ 2 times who were hospitalized in the same period were selected as control group,and the correlation of risk factors and multi-factor analysis were carried out.Results 1.288 cases in the case group met the inclusion criteria,203 boys and 85 girls,the ratio of male to female was 2.39:1,the average age was 1.58 ±0.80;288 cases in the control group,184 boys and 104 girls,the ratio of male to female was 1.76:1,.the average age was 1.08 ±0.62.The gender and age of the two groups were tested by Chi-square test and significant t-test,P > 0.05,suggesting that there was no statistical significance,and there was comparability between the two groups.2.Among the 288 children who met the inclusion criteria,205 had physical factors,accounting for 71.2%.Compared with the control group,the results showed: ?2= 65.836,P < 0.05,suggesting statistical significance.The history of eczema was the most,accounting for 83.7%;dust mite allergy was the most common allergen in inhalation allergens;milk allergy and egg allergy were the most common allergen in food allergens.3.Among the 288 children who met the inclusion criteria,87 were genetic factors,accounting for 30.2%.Compared with the control group,the results showed: ?2=61.760,P < 0.05,suggesting statistical significance.The first-degree relatives are the closest,accounting for 82.4%.4.Among the 288 children who met the inclusion criteria,115 were environmentalfactors,accounting for 39.9%;68 were infectious factors,accounting for 23.6%.All compared with the control group,the results showed that P <0.05,suggesting statistical significance.Among the infection factors,Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection rate was the highest,accounting for 63.0%.5.Among 288 children who met the inclusion criteria,29 were accidents,accounting for 10.1%;17 had cardiopulmonary dysplasia,accounting for 5.9%;22 had premature delivery,accounting for 7.6%.Accidents,cardiopulmonary dysplasia were compared with the control group,the results showed that P < 0.05,suggesting that there was statistical significance.Premature delivery was compared with the control group,P > 0.05,suggesting no statistical significance.6.After multivariate binary logistic regression analysis,physical factors(OR=4.997,P<0.05),environmental factors(OR=1.890,P<0.05),genetic factors(OR=7.268,P<0.05),cardiopulmonary dysplasia(OR)=10.409,P<0.05),infectious factors(OR=2.356,P<0.05),and accidents(OR=33.732,P<0.05)were independent risk factors for recurrent wheezing in infants and toddlers.Conclusions 1.Among the seven risk factors,six risk factors are independent risk factors for recurrent wheezing in infants and toddlers.2.Eczema is the most common among the physical factors.The first-degree relatives are the closest among the genetic factors.The MP infection rate was the highest among the infectious factors.We should strengthen MP detection and anti-infective treatment,early intervention and treatment of children with high risk of recurrent wheezing,so as to reduce the incidence of asthma.3.Environmental factors are the risk of inducing recurrent wheezing attacks in infants and toddlers.Tobacco smoke and environmental pollution exposure should be avoided early in life to reduce the frequency of wheezing attacks.4.Recurrent wheezing in infants and toddlers caused by cardiopulmonary dysplasia and foreign body inhalation deserves attention.For recurrent wheezing that is difficult to diagnose,it should be improved as soon as possible to eliminate rare diseases.