Case-control Study On Risk Factors Of Esophageal Cancer And Gastric Cancer In Danjiangkou City

Objective To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer in Danjiangkou City,northwestern Hubei Province,and provide scientific evidence for effective preventive measures.Methods 1)From the Cancer Registry of the Danjiangkou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,419 patients with esophageal cancer and 426 patients with gastric cancer were enrolled from 2015 to 2016.Statistical analysis of these case data showed the prevalence of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer in Danjiangkou City.Then conducting a case-control survey,removing the cases that cannot be contacted or unable to complete the interview on their own,351 cases of esophageal cancer and 317 cases of gastric cancer were investigated.According to the basic situation of the patients,the healthy population without esophageal cancer and gastric cancer were matched as a control according to the 1:1 ratio,and 351 esophageal cancer controls and 317 gastric cancer controls were matched.2)On the premise that the research subject signed the informed consent form,the trained investigators used the questionnaire designed by the trained questionnaire to conduct one-on-one interviews on the subjects for information collection.The main information collected includes: general demographic characteristics,history of digestive diseases,family history of cancer,lifestyle and eating habits,and psychosocial factors.3)The collected information was entered into a computer and statistically analyzed to investigate possible risk factors for the disease.Data were entered by Epidata,using SPSS 22.0 statistical software for univariate chi-square test and conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis.According to the analysis results and theoretical basis,the main risk factors of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer in Danjiangkou City were determined.Then corrected population risk and thesynthesized population attributable risk were calculated.Results 1)The incidence of esophageal cancer in Danjiangkou City in 2015 to2016 was 45.25/100,000(person-year).In these cases,males accounted for 67.78%,and the proportion of people over 50 years old in these cases accounted for more than95%.Cases living in rural areas,accounting for 87.11%.The main risk factors for esophageal cancer in Danjiangkou City are poor psychological status(P=0.015,OR=2.599,95%CI:1.204~5.609),history of digestive diseases(P<0.001,OR=6.570,95%CI:3.977~10.853),overeating(P=0.042,OR=2.379,95%CI:1.033~5.477),eating pickled foods(at least 3 times per week)(P=0.021,OR=2.011,95%CI:1.111~3.639),eating moldy food(at least 1 time per week)(P=0.037,OR=3.906,95%CI:1.085~14.063).The adjusted population attributable risk(PARc%)of major risk factors were,poor psychological status(12.59%),history of digestive disease(50.64%),overeating(11.86%),eating pickled foods(at least 3 times per week)(27.77%),eating moldy food(at least 1 time per week)(5.87%).The synthesized population attributable risk(sPAR%)for these factors was 70.42%.2)The incidence of gastric cancer in Danjiangkou City in 2015 to 2016 was46/100,000(person-year).In the new cases,males accounted for 74.19% of the new cases,and those over 50 years old accounted for more than 90% of the new cases.The new cases were mainly living in rural areas,accounting for 89.67%.The main risk factors for gastric cancer in Danjiangkou City were: history of digestive system disease(P<0.001,OR=28.636,95% CI: 11.384~72.033),smoking and smoke age more than 10 years(P=0.016,OR=4.742,95% CI):1.342~16.753),eating too fast(P=0.006,OR=3.846,95% CI: 1.481~9.985),eating hot food at least once a week(P=0.019,OR=4.562,95% CI: 1.280~16.257),eating mildew food at least once per week(P=O.001,0R=10.305,95% CI: 2.460,43.162).The protective factors of gastric cancer in Danjiangkou were: regular diet(P=0.017,OR=0.444,95% CI: 0.228~0.865),and eating raw onion or raw garlic at least once a week(P=0.021,OR=0.390,95% CI:0.175~0.870).The adjusted population attributable risk(PARc%)of major risk factors were : the history of digestive diseases(61.19%),eating too fast(23.59%),smokingmore than 10 years(26.60%),and eating hot food at least once per week(24.76%),eating mildew food at least once per week(6.87%).The synthesized population attributable risk(sPAR%)for these factors was 79.07%.Conclusions 1)The survey found that the main risk factors for esophageal cancer in Danjiangkou City are: poor psychological status,history of digestive diseases,overeating habits,eating pickled sauerkraut food,and eating mildew food.2)The main risk factors for gastric cancer in Danjiangkou City are: history of digestive system diseases,smoking smoke age more than 10 years,eating hot food,eating mildew food;protective factors of gastric cancer: regular diet,eating raw onions and raw garlic.3)The occurrence of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer in Danjiangkou City is the result of a combination of various factors.Comprehensive prevention and treatment measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer.