| ObjectiveTo understand the status quo of the elderly chronic disease patients’ care intentions and needs of the Han,Yi,Dai and Zang nationalities in Yunnan Province,and to explore the main influencing factors of the elderly chronic disease patients’ care intentions and needs,so as to define the types of elderly care modes suitable for the elderly chronic disease patients of different nationalities,to effectively meet the elderly chronic disease patients’ care needs of different nationalities,and to provide reference for the construction of basic elderly care service network in Yunnan Province.MethodUsing the Questionnaire on Elderly Care Intention and Care Needs of Elderly Patients with Chronic Diseases,a total of 400 elderly patients with chronic diseases were investigated in 10 hospitals in Han nationality areas of Yunnan Province,where Yi,Dai and Zang nationalities live.SPSS21.0 statistical software was used,and cross analysis,T test,one-way ANOVA,unordered multi-classification Logistic regression and multiple linear stepwise regression were used for statistical analysis.Results1.Han nationality(49.0%)elderly patients with chronic diseases tend to choose the old-age pension mode in Combination of medical and health care.Yi nationality(54.0%),Dai nationality(68.0%)and Zang nationality(82.0%)elderly patients with chronic diseases tend to choose the family pension.The elderly patients with chronic diseases of Han nationality and the other three ethnic minorities have statistical differences in their pension intentions(P<0.05).Through chi-square test and chaotic multi-classification Logistic regression analysis,the main influencing factors of Han elderly patients with chronic diseases are family per capita monthly income(P<0.01),Yi nationality elderly patients with chronic diseases are mainly affected by living conditions(P<0.001),Dai nationality elderly patients with chronic diseases are mainly affected by living conditions(P<0.001),Zang nationality elderly patients with chronic diseases are mainly affected by childbearing conditions(P<0.001).2.the nursing needs of elderly patients with chronic diseases in the four ethnic groups were(3.72 ± 0.60).through single factor analysis,in the comparison of nursing needs of elderly patients with chronic diseases in different ethnic groups,Han nationality>Dai nationality,Zang nationality,Yi nationality>Zang nationality.Through multiple linear stepwise regression analysis,the common influencing factors of elderly patients with chronic diseases in the four ethnic groups according to the degree of influence are,in turn,the intention to provide for the aged,the living condition and the per capita monthly income of the family(P<0.01).3.In the analysis of the differences in the elderly care needs of the elderly patients with chronic diseases among the four ethnic groups,the demand scores of the three dimensions are medical and health care needs(3.96 ± 0.62),Spiritual comfort care needs(3.67±0.69)and life care care needs(3.53±0.98).There were statistically significant differences in medical and health care needs and Spiritual comfort care needs among different nationalities(P<0.05).4.In the dimension of medical and health care needs,there are significant differences in the needs of "family doctor team on-site service" among different nationalities(P<0.05),and the Han nationality>Yi nationality>Dai nationality and Zang nationality;There were statistically significant differences in the demand for "moxibustion,cupping and other traditional Chinese medicine prevention and health care technologies" among different ethnic groups(P<0.05),and Yi>Han>Dainationality and Zang nationality.There were statistically significant differences in the needs of "diet,exercise,rehabilitation exercises and other rehabilitation guidance and health consultation services" among different nationalities(P<0.05),and Dai nationality,Zang nationality>Han nationality and Yi nationalities.In the dimension of Spiritual comfort’s nursing needs,there is a significant difference in the needs of "family members and other support systems participating in rehabilitation activities"(P<0.05),and Dai,Zang,Yi and Han nationalities have the same needs.There were statistically significant differences in the needs of "psychological guidance" among different ethnic groups(P<0.05),and Han nationality>Dai nationality and Zang nationality.Conclusion1.Elderly patients with chronic diseases of Han nationality tend to choose the old-age pension mode in Combination of medical and health care.Economic factors are the primary factors that affect the choice of the old-age pension mode for elderly patients with chronic diseases of Han nationality.Yi,Dai and Zang nationalities elderly patients with chronic diseases tend to choose family support for the aged.Traditional family concept is the primary reason that affects the choice of support mode for elderly patients with chronic diseases of the three ethnic minorities.2.The elderly patients with chronic diseases of the four ethnic groups have a higher overall demand for nursing care for the aged,and the nursing needs for the aged are all concentrated on medical and health care needs.3.The elderly care intention of the elderly patients with chronic diseases of the four nationalities is closely related to the elderly care needs.4.Among the medical and health care needs,Han elderly patients with chronic diseases have the highest demand for "family doctor team on-site service".Yi elderly patients with chronic diseases have the highest demand for "moxibustion,cupping and other traditional Chinese medicine prevention and health care technologies".Dai and Zang nationalities elderly patients with chronic diseases have the highest demand for "diet,exercise,rehabilitation exercises and other rehabilitation guidance and health consultation services".Among the nursing needs in Spiritual comfort,Han elderly patients with chronic diseases have the highest demand for "psychological guidance".Yi,Dai and Zang nationalities elderly patients with chronic diseases have the highest demand for "family members and other support systems to participate in rehabilitation activities".5.Kunming is suitable to carry out the "family doctor team+home care embedded" working mode and the "1+1+X" combination type of primary medical institutions,community care institutions and hospitals,with multiple types coexisting in the Combination of medical and health care care mode.To form a professional and diversified nursing service with family as the core,community supporting family support for the aged and family doctor team providing on-site service,with emphasis on mental health care for the elderly patients with chronic diseases.The three ethnic minority settlements are suitable to carry out the "family doctor team+home care embedded" work mode,which should strengthen the home care support function and embed medical services.Yi people’s settlements should strengthen the application of Yi medicine in prevention,treatment,rehabilitation and management of chronic diseases.Dai and Zang nationalities people’s settlements should strengthen the publicity and education of health knowledge of common chronic diseases and popularize common medical knowledge. |
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