| Objective:1.To Preliminarily understand the cognition,training needs and the attitude towards popularizing relevant knowledge of occupational hazard protection by nursing students on different levels in Xi'an city.To analyze the main influencing factors of occupational hazard protection ability of nursing students,find out the weak link of occupational hazard protection ability,explore effective solutions,and provide a theoretical basis for the education of knowledge about occupational hazard protection to nursing major students on different levels in Xi'an city.2.To evaluate the training and effect of occupational hazard protection knowledge of nursing students,further explore the approaches and ways of training of knowledge relative to nursing students,and provide a scientific and effective basis and reference for exploring the comprehensive and systematic training and education program of occupational hazard protection for nursing students.Method:1.Preparation of"Questionnaire for nursing students cognition of occupational hazards protection and their training needs".By referring to relevant literatures and questionnaires at home and abroad,10 nursing education experts,5 nursing management experts and 20 college students were interviewed to preliminarily draft the questionnaire.Through two rounds of expert letter reply and verification of content validity and test-retest reliability,the final questionnaire was formed after the survey subjects were consulted.The questionnaire included general Data survey,occupational hazard Protection Awareness Survey,Occupational Hazard Protection Knowledge assessment and occupational hazard protection training needs assessment.2.In XI'an three colleges and colleges of different levels of Nursing students of different levels from three colleges in Xi'an were investigated with questionnaire to understand their occupational hazard protection knowledge and training needs.3.Based on the findings of the survey and the results of the Expert consultation,the nursing students were trained in the knowledge of occupational hazards protection in a gradual and diverse way.4.The nursing students were evaluated and surveyed in the knowledge of occupational hazards protection and training effect after training.Using Epidata3.1 to establish a database and using SPSS17.0 software to carry out data statistic analysis.The general data of the subjects were analyzed by descriptive analysis,the structural validity of the questionnaire was analyzed using correlation analysis,single-factor analysis used?~2 test and rank rum test,multi-factor analysis used binary Logistic regression,the difference was regarded as statistically significant when P<0.05.Result:1.The quality evaluation of questionnaire of cognitive status of occupational hazard protection for nursing students in college and the training needCognition status and training demand of occupational hazard protection for college nursing students after consultation with experts,The expert authority coefficient was calculated as 0.72~1.00,the overall average coefficient of experts was 0.87,the questionnaire was considered to have a good reliability;in the questionnaire content validity test,the item level content validity index of this questionnaire(I-CVI)was 0.83~1,the scale level content validity index(S-CVI)was 0.89,it is generally thought that,I-CVI must be more than 0.78,and S-CVI at least 0.80.The I-CVI and S-CVI of this questionnaire are both high,which shows that the content of this questionnaire is recognized by most experts.In test-Retest reliability test,the correlation coefficient r was0.85,the questionnaire was considered to have a good stability and reliability.2.nursing student's awareness of occupational hazard protection before trainingIn this survey,a total of 197 nursing students actively obtained knowledge about occupational hazards and protection(68.6%),the students who did not take the initiative to obtain were 90 in number(31.4%);when being asked about whether it is necessary to carry out the courses about nursing occupational hazards and protection,159(55.4%)Students thought it was very necessary,90(31.3%)students considered it necessary,only13.2%of the students thought it was unnecessary or didn't matter.146 students(50.9%)considered it necessary to organize trainings and simulations and indicated that they would attend on time,and 118 students(41.1%)indicated that they would attend occasionally.In the Learning approach survey(multiple options),61.2%of the students learned it through the network curriculum,53.1%through the simulation,51.6%through video lectures,21.3%through the brochure,and in addition,20.5%through the radio and other means of learning.As for the main difficulties encountered in the training of nursing students'occupational hazard protective ability,183(63.7%)students thought that the proportion of occupational hazards in the Chinese License Examination for Nurses was too small and did not paid attention to it,149(51.9%)thought the learning form was too traditional and not attractive;203(70.7%)thought that the nursing students had heavy learning tasks and they did not want to add any more tasks.3.Pre-training test results of nursing student's occupational hazard protection knowledge and influencing factors analysis3.1 Test performance and pass rateWith a full score as 30 points,the minimum passing score is that the correct answer rate?60%.A total of 152 subjects in this survey reached the passing standard,that is,the passing rate was 53%.Four-dimension answer pass rate was ranked from high to low respectively as:psychological hazard related knowledge 60.4%,physical hazard related knowledge 56.9%,chemical damage related knowledge 51.1%,biological damage related knowledge 43.6%.Of the 30 entries in the survey,the first five items with a high answer correct rate were:the importance of reasonable arrangement of labor time 75.2%,the harm of noise to human body 72.2%,the treatment of needles after injection 70.6%,the importance of wearing latex gloves when preparing the chemotherapy drugs 62.9%,and Sharp device injury to the human body 62.1%.3.2 Single-factor analysis of pass rate of test performanceA single factor analysis of the results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in gender between the pass rate of test of nursing occupational hazards and protection Knowledge(p>0.05),but there were significant differences in the pass rate between academic level,parental occupation,internship experience,and whether the subject is educated with related knowledge(p<0.05).3.3 Binary Logistic regression analysis of test performance pass rateThe four variables,parental occupation,educational level,internship experience and relevant education experience,are the main factors that affect the pass rate of survey of nursing occupational hazards and protection.Among them,the subjects whose parental occupation was the medicine-related occupation(the OR value of parental occupation is related to the medicine is 0.192,95%CI is 0.076~0.484),who has an internship experience(OR value is 0.268,95%CI is 0.147~0.489),who has the related education experience(OR value is 0.194,95%CI is 0.100~0.374)had a higher pass rate of test of occupational hazards and protection knowledge than the subjects whose parental occupation is not medicine-related,who had no experience of internship and who had no relevant educational experiences had.The subjects whose education level is below the undergraduate level(OR value and 95%CI of five-year higher vocational and three-year higher vocational education is 3.999 and 1.695~9.437)had a lower pass rate of test performance than those having a undergraduate level had.3.4 Survey of Nursing students on needs of learning occupational hazards and protection knowledgeIn the survey of learning willingness and approach,86.8%of the nursing students in three colleges in Xi'an city thought it was necessary or very necessary to learn relevant knowledge,and 62.8%of them thought that the study of occupational hazards and protection knowledge was beneficial to them.In the survey of current form of occupational hazard knowledge that has been acquired in school,36.9%was interspersed into other courses,43.6%didn't receive such education,19.5%of students were not certain;The willingness of nursing students to learn about occupational hazards is strong,most of the nursing students chose to participate in the training of occupational hazards knowledge,the first three most-demanded knowledge of occupational hazards is physical hazard(90.9%),Chemical Hazard(89.2%)and biological Hazard(88.5%);Most of the nursing students are more interested and willing to accept the teaching ways that are informationized and integrate the theory with practice.Among them,the nursing students are more willing to accept the training methods that are practical training and simulation demonstration(73.5%),network Media(51.5%),special Lectures(42.1%)and special Lectures(36.9%)and other forms;156(54.3%)subjects were more likely to receive training that lasts 2 to 4 hours and 97(33.8%)were willing to receive training that lasts 4to 6 hours.4.Cognition of occupational hazard protection by nursing students after training and effect evaluation4.1Cognition of occupational hazard protection by nursing students after trainingAccording to the survey results,the training requirements of nursing students are different.The scores(23.41±2.16)of the undergraduates who actively acquired the relevant knowledge were higher than those who passively acquired the knowledge(16.51±2.09),and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).The scores(23.28±2.56)of those who had positive attitudes with regard to the establishment of relevant courses were higher than that of those who didn't(15.63±2.13),and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).The score(23.09±2.90)of those who believed it was necessary to carry out simulated training to the nursing students was higher than that of those who didn't believe(15.57±2.14),and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).4.2 Knowledge of Occupational hazard and protection after trainingThe points of knowledge of occupational hazard protection scored by nursing students before training was(15.85±2.726)points and their score after treatment was(20.71±3.995),the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).The correct rate of the nursing students about the relevant knowledge about occupational hazards and protection was significantly improved after training.Conclusion:1.Questionnaire for nursing students cognition of occupational hazards protection and their training needs in Xi'an colleges has a good content validity,internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability.2.At different levels,the knowledge of occupational hazards and prevention is not well cognized by nursing students,but the enthusiasm of the nursing students in learning the the knowledge of occupational hazards and prevention is higher and the training is strongly demanded.3.After the training,nursing students'level of knowledge of occupational hazards prevention has been significantly improved,and the awareness of occupational protection has also been improved,and their willingness to receive training is enhanced.The Training of nursing students in occupational hazard and protection knowledge contributes to the formation of ideas and the popularization of knowledge,it not only reminds the students of the need for occupational protection during school,at the same time,but enable them to protect themselves in the future when they are engaged in clinical practice which would expose them to more risk factors,and they are able to influence more colleagues for compliance,So as to improve the efficiency and quality of nursing work.4.Regarding the training of nursing students on occupational hazards and protection knowledge,attention shall be paid to the choice of training mode and the setting of content,the theory and practice shall be fully integrated together,and at the same time a full consideration shall be given to students'own characteristics and needs,allowing the students to have the opportunity to experience,the hospital situation shall be taken into account to arrange practical training and simulated exercises,So that nursing students can really participate in the protection of occupational hazards,transitioning from the immersive learning to the application of knowledge,thus their learning interests can be stimulated.In addition,the various information networking means should be fully employed to provide students with more flexible,more vivid learning approach and learning environment.Attention should be paid to the occupational hazards and occupational protection education of nursing students during the school years,and the content and time of the courses should be arranged according to different educational levels.Attention should be paid to the cooperation between the school and hospital,and the intensity of education and training shall be reinforced,the existing teaching resources should be employed and more abundant teaching resources should be created,so as to further reduce the occurrence of occupational hazard events concerning the clinical nursing staff. |
PDF Full Text Request