Study On The Risk Identification And Optimization Of Air Distribution In The Wards Of Department Of Burn

The infection problem of burn patients is a key factor that influences cure of burn,which has been paid increasing attention to.Currently,how to position and cure patients more safely and quickly is considered in both built and rebuilt burn ward of the vast majority of hospitals in our country.Among them,reasonable layout of air distribution in ward plays a significant role.However,detailed proposals of air distribution in burn ward are not provided in nationally relevant standards or criteria.Now,most of air distribution in burn ward of actually built hospitals s unified arranged,which has not fully considered specific conditions of burn ward.Therefore,based on existing related research results of air distribution and special requirements of burn ward,systematic discussion of reasonable layout of air distribution in burn ward has importantly practical significance for design guidance of air distribution in burn ward.Firstly,combined method of reference survey and field survey is applied to know air distribution and placement of patient clearly in burn ward and divides hospitals into three types based on placement of patients:(1)Arrange ward according to patients’ conditions;(2)Place burn patients according to classification of patients’ burn area.The patient with life danger and large burn area will be placed in ward with a bed and the burn patient without life danger will be placed in ward with multiple beds;(3)Based on whether patients are in danger of life or not,patients with a better recovery will be moved to a rehabilitation unit.Air distribution is divided into 5 types: sidewall supply and ceiling return of fan coil and fresh air system;ceiling supply and ceiling return of fan coil and fresh air system;ceiling supply and upper sidewall return of fan coil and fresh air system;sidewall supply and sidewall return of floor radiation and fresh air system and sidewall supply and sidewall return of spilt air conditioner.The research puts forward risk identification of air safety in burn ward based on risk matrix,analyses relative risk of cross infection of patient with placement based on the example of ward with three beds and puts forward classification method of burn ward based on air distribution.Research results that air distribution of different ward can be separately arranged according to the risk of cross infection.Ward with lower risk can continue to use existing type of air distribution and ward with higher risk need to research and develop a new type of air distribution.Next,the emphasis in this paper is researching air distribution in the condition of higher risk and a newly independent type of air distribution for single bed for ward with higher risk of cross infection.The factors that influence independent air distribution for single bed have been analyzed: type of air inlet,quantity,size position,air supply parameter,gematric dimension of architecture space and type of air outlet and so on.The main factors influencing this new air distribution include height of supply air outlet,supply air volume and relative position between supply air and return(exhaust)air outlet.Based on this,safety evaluation index and evaluation method of air distribution of independent air distribution for single bed are put forward according to requirement for controlling cross infection between patients and comfort requirement.Pollutant concentration in activity area of patients is used as safety evaluation index and temperature and air speed in activity area of patients is used as comfort index.Finally,using CFD software,models of typical burn wards under different types of air inlet and outlet,ventilation rate and height between air inlet and outlet are built and solved.Using safety evaluation system of independent air distribution for single bed,quantitative evaluation of numerical simulation results of temperature field,velocity field and concentration filed for two differently typical air conditioning systems under different work condition is made,which draws a final conclusion.It is that(1)risk of cross infection is lower and comfort level is higher under 3 work condition.They are all-air air conditioning system with 1.8 meters height between ceiling supply and bottom sidewall exhaust and 10 ACH supply air volume;all-air conditioning system with 2 meters between ceiling supply and floor exhaust and 8 to 10 ACH supply air volume;all-air conditioning system with 1.8 to 2 meters between ceiling supply and floor exhaust and 10 ACH supply air volume;(2)risk of cross infection is lower and comfort level is higher under 5 work condition.They are radiation heating and cooling and fresh air system with 1.8metres height between ceiling supply and bottom sidewall exhaust,with 1.5 meters height between ceiling supply and floor exhaust and with 1.5m to 1.8m between ceiling supply and bottom sidewall exhaust.The research method provides valuable references for classified design of burn ward.