| BackgroundIn recent years,with the development of economy and society,people’s lifestyles have been greatly changed.Nowadays,intaking of alcoholic drink has become a common behavior in people’s daily life,however,alcohol is the third most risk factor for the global burden of disease,it is an important factor to the cause of death as well.For the risen prevalence of alcohol use disorder and its severely detriment to the social function,afflictions are brought to society and family.At present,alcohol use disorder has become a kind of disease that affects human’s physical and mental health severely.In clinical practice,intending for the reduced incidence of adverse events and improved quality of patient living and prognosis,a timely assessment and reasonable clinical treatment based on the feature of patients,whom is with alcohol use disorder accompanied by physical disease and mental disorder,is necessary to psychiatrists.ObjectivesTo investigate the clinical features of general data,clinical symptoms,and result of inspection of patients with alcohol use disorders,and to provide clinicians with a scientific basis for assessing the patient’s condition and adopting effective prevention and intervention measures.Methods1.A retrospective study of 676 patients with alcohol use disorders for the first time in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2016.2.Collecting data the self-made questionnaire read medical records in the case file to collect the patient’s general data and recorded EpiData,and collected the patient’s biomarkers in the laboratory.The data was exported in the form of an Excel spreadsheet,and the above data were all exported to SPSS19.0 software.3.The statistical method uses the SPSS19.0 software to analyze the data:(1)Measured data is converted into count data,or expressed as mean ± standard deviation;(2)The number of data is described by the composition ratio.Results1.This group of 676 cases,667 cases were male(98.7%),9 women(1.3%);aged 20~67 years,average(40.73±9.10)years old;marital status: married 542 Cases(80.2%),50 were unmarried(7.4%),divorced in 72 cases(10.6%),widowed 12 cases(1.8%);education: 72 cases(10.7%)below primary school,347 cases(51.4%)in junior high school,170 cases in high school and secondary school(25.2 %),University and above 86 cases(12.7%);Occupation: There were 360 farmers(53.3%),102 workers(15.1%),unemployed,unemployed or unfixed occupations in 125 cases(18.5%),74 cadres(10.9%),and 15 individuals(2.2%);smoking: 545(85.6%)were smokers,131(14.4%)were Non-smoker;The average length of hospital stay was(34.70±32.79)days.The initial drinking age was 9 to 52 years old,with an average age of(23.76±5.82)years;the drinking age was 2 to 42 years,the average drinking duration was(17.03±8.12)years;the drinking time was 1 to 30 years,the average drinking time(5.33 ±4.09)years;daily alcohol consumption is equivalent to pure alcohol(228.65±94.48)grams;drinking types: 646 liquors(96.1%).2.Of the 676 patients in this group,68(10.1%)were epileptic seizures after alcohol withdrawal,166(24.6%)were psychotic symptoms,229(33.9%)were emotional symptoms,and 243(35.9%)were tremors.Wernicke Encephalopathy in 22 cases(3.3%),personality changes in 263 cases(38.9%),intellectual impairment in 25 cases(3.7%);previous combined physical disease: diabetes in 29 cases(4.3%);hypertension in 112 cases(16.6%);brain 23 cases(3.4%)of vascular disease;66 cases(9.8%)of seizures after previous alcohol withdrawal;139 cases(20.7%)of head and limb injuries and fractures;8 cases(1.2%)of digestive tract hemorrhage;alcoholic liver disease 114 cases(16.9%),alcoholic pancreatitis in 16 cases(2.4%),alcoholic gastritis in 7 cases(1.0%),alcoholic heart damage in 24 cases(3.6%),and alcohol-induced peripheral nerve damage in 34 cases(5.0%).),alcohol-induced femoral head injury in 4 cases(0.6%),alcoholic hematology changes in 24 cases(3.6%),hypoproteinemia in 2 cases(0.3%),pulmonary infection in 17 cases(2.5%).3.In the 676 patients studied,268(39.7%)had rapid pulse(pulse ≥100 beats/minute)on admission,and 13(1.9%)had rapid pulse on discharge;368(54.5%)had high blood pressure on admission.After systemic treatment,high blood pressure was found in 125 patients(18.8%)at discharge;ECG QTc interval: If QTc <450 was normal,94 patients(14.3%)were QTc prolonged.EEG abnormalities: Abnormal EEG in 125 cases(21.37%),normal EEG in 460 cases(78.63%),missing 91 cases;Abdominal B-mode ultrasound: Fatty liver in 460 cases(77.1%),B-ultrasound without abnormality 88 Cases(14.7%),49 cases of diffuse diffuse injury of the liver parenchyma,gallbladder wall rough,prostatic hypertrophy and calcification in 49 cases(8.2%).4.676 cases of alcohol use disorder patients,the diagnosis of simple diagnosis of 359 Cases of alcohol use disorder(53.1%);alcohol use disorders and comorbidity of somatic diseases in 282 cases(41.7%);alcohol use disorders and psychiatric comorbidity in 35 cases(5.2%).5.In this group of studies,the abnormalities in blood routine examination items from admission to hospital were: mean red cell volume(MCV)56.2%,red blood cell(RBC)48.1%,platelet pressure(PCT)44.5%,percentage of lymphocytes(LYM%)37.6%,mean hemoglobin concentration(MCHC)34.9%,hematocrit(HCT)30.3%,neutrophil percentage(NEU%)29%,mean hemoglobin(MCH)25%,hemoglobin(HGB)24.3%,WBC 23.6(WBC)%,platelet(PLT)22.4%.;The abnormal rates of liver function at the time of hospital admission was: glutamine transferase(γ-GT)62.2%,aspartate aminotransferase(AST)53.5%,alanine 43.9% of aminotransferase(ALT),34.7% of globulin(GLO),31% of total protein(TP),24.6% of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),22.8% of total bilirubin(TBIL),direct bilirubin(DBIL)21%,total bile acid(TBA)20.2%,cereal straw/gluten(AS/AL)17.5%,cholinesterase(CHE)10.9%,albumin(ALB)8.7%,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)7.8%,white ball ratio(A/G)6.2%;The abnormal rate of blood lipids,blood glucose,electrolytes,and myocardium enzymes in the hospital for the first time in the survey were as follows: low-density lipoprotein(LDL)47.3%,high-density lipoprotein(HDL)46.2%,Triglyceride(TG)28%,total cholesterol(T-CHO)21.3%;blood glucose three items D3 hydroxybutyrate(D3H)47.3%,glucose(GLU)20.4%,fructosamine(GSP)7.9%;electrolyte: Potassium(K)30.7%,Chlorine(CL)7.5%,and sodium(NA)5.7%.Myocardial zymograms: Creatine kinase(CK)38%,a-hydroxybutyric acid dehydrogenase(HBDH)31.2%,creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB)7.7%;renal function creatinine(Cr)0.3% 22.7% of uric acid(UA).Conclusions1.It can be seen that alcohol use disorders are dominated by men;and low-income groups,low school years,and heavy manual workers are high risk factors for alcohol use disorders;and alcohol consumption and smoking are often associated;the average drinking duration is long.The age of the first drink has an effect on the drinking pattern after the alcohol dependence on the patient.The amount of pure alcohol consumed on a daily basis is large,and liquor is the main ingredient.2.Long-term heavy drinking can lead to multiple system and organ dysfunction.3.There are various symptoms of neuropsychiatric symptoms and autonomic hyperactivity in the early stage of admission.Clinicians should do early risk assessment,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis;rapid pulse on admission(pulse ≥100 beats/minute)and high blood pressure on hospital admission The occurrence of the disease is reversible.After systemic treatment,it usually returns to normal level before being discharged.Patients with alcohol use disorders have prolonged ECG QTc interval and abnormal electroencephalographic problems.The incidence of fatty liver is relatively high with alcohol use disorders.4.Clinical comorbidities should focus on alcohol use disorders.5.There were abnormalities in liver function,blood routine,blood lipids,blood glucose,electrolytes,and myocardium enzymes in patients who were hospitalized for alcohol use for the first time.Among them,transglutaminase(γ-GT),mean volume of red blood cells(MCV),and Tianmen,the abnormal rate of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),and high-density lipoprotein(HDL),D3 hydroxybutyrate(D3H)is higher,suggesting that these biomarkers have diagnostic value of alcohol use disorder.The high abnormal rates of LDL,HDL,RBC,PCT,and D3 H in patients with alcohol use disorders have been reported less in the literature. |
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