Investigation On The Risk Factors Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease In One County Of Hebei Province

Objective:The prevalence survey of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)was carried out in a county of Xingtai city,in order to understand the prevalence and risk factors of COPD among residents aged 40years and over,and provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control strategies of COPD.Methods:The method of multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to select 600 residents aged 40 and over in the county.All the subjects were face-to-face interviewed by a questionnaire approved by experts.The main contents of the survey include demographic data,family economic status,awareness of knowledge of diseases,personal and family history,respiratory symptoms,respiratory disease management,smoking status,living environ-ment,cooking and cooking fuel,occupational exposure history.Physical examination of all subjects(including height,weight,waist circumference,blood pressure,heart rate)and lung function test were conduted with the same type of instruments.After sorting,all data were imported into Excel 2007 and analyzed by SPSS 18.0.Chi-square test was used for one factor analysis,then binary logistic regression was performed on the selected significant variables.To adjust OR values and P values to estimate their risk degree.The relationship between risk factors and severity of COPD was analyzed by rank sum test.Results:1.A total of 600 resident residents were investigated and 587 people were included in the database.Thirteen(13)cases were not qualified for lung function test quality control.Among which 263 cases were male(44.8%)and324 cases were female(55.2%).Fifty-seven patients met the diagnostic criteria,thus the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)was 9.7%.2.Univariateanalysis showed that factors associated with COPD were sex(χ~2=14.24,P<0.05),age(χ~2=22.05,P<0.05),marital status(χ~2=4.498,P<0.05),frequent cooking smoke exposure(χ~2=4.831,P<0.05),history of individual pulmonary disease(χ~2=5.49,P<0.05),respiratory symptoms(χ~2=7.35,P<0.05)and smoking(χ~2=26.877,P<0.05).3.Multivariate logistic regression analysis of above variates which had significant effects showed that age(OR=1.795,95%CI 1.204-2.675),smoking duration(OR=1.820,95%CI 1.435-2.308)and history of personal respiratory diseases(OR=1.966,95%CI 1.034-3.739)were risk factors.4.The results of GOLD grading and influencing factors analysis showed that the degree of deterioration of pulmonary function was higher in male patients than that in female patients,was higerin patients with individual history of pulmonary diseases than that in patients without history of pulmonary diseases,was higher in patients with respiratory symptoms than that in patients without respiratory symptoms,and was higher in patients exposed to cooking smoke than that in patients without cooking smoke exposure.Conclusion:1.The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in males in this area is higher than that in females.The prevalence was higest in people over 60 years,and tended to increase with age.2.The risk factors for COPD were smoking,marital status(divorce,widowhood),history of individual lung disease,respiratory symptoms,cook-ing smoke exposure.3.Among the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),male,cooking smoke exposure,history of individual lung disease,and patients with respiratory symptoms had higher GOLD grade.