Research On The Phenomenon And Regularity Of Pain-Sensitization Of Acupoint Based On Ancient And Modern Literature

Objective:In this study,the phenomenon and regularity of hyperalgesia of acupoints were studied based on ancient and modern literature related to acupoint hypersensitivity,in order to provide literature support for the theoretical construction of acupoint sensitization for better guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:1.Research of ancient literature: By means of computer and manual retrieval,we collected literatures on the hyperalgesia of acupoints in ancient books of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Then an ancient literature database on hyperalgesia of acupoints was established.The traditional Chinese medicine philology and literature survey methods were used to analyze the acupoint hyperalgesia phenomena in ancient literature and to explore the origin and development of acupoint hypersensitivity.2.Research of modern literature: By means of computer and manual retrieval,we collected researches on pain-sensitive acupoints at home and abroad,and established a modern literature database.Through the methods of bibliometrics,correlation analysis and qualitative evaluation,the research trend of the pain-sensitive phenomenon,detection indicators,diseases involved,and treatment methods were analyzed.Results:1.The results of ancient literature research(1)The origin and development of acupoint hyperalgesiaThe origin and development of acupoint hypersensitivity can be roughly divided into three stages.The first is the stage of understanding.The “Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic” has described a large number of sensitization phenomena and recognized the temporal dynamic characteristics of acupoints.The second stage is the development period,during Weijin and Suitang dynasty.The description of the sensitization phenomenon has been made from the surface of the previous stage to the acupoints.The third stage is the application phase.The sensitization acupoints are widely used in clinical practice.The correlation between sensitization of acupoints and diseases has been achieved.(2)Phenomenon and regularity of hyperalgesia of acupoints in ancient literature(1)The pain-sensitivity phenomenon of viscera disease is mainly based on its corresponding meridian passage site,and the back-shu points of the corresponding organs often appear sensitization.Liver disease mainly manifests as flank pain.Heart disease will develop pain in Xinshu,Dachangshu for diarrhea,Feishu for asthma and Shenshu for nephropathy.For the treatment of visceral disease,the sensitization of back-shu point is used for moxibustion.(2)Most of the tendon diseases are painful at the places where the tendons have passed,and often accompanied by gluteal knots,etc.,and the treatment uses fire acupuncture to treat the pain sensitive points.The sensitization of snoring is accompanied by sourness in addition to pain.The main manifestation of collateral disease is the pain-sensing phenomenon at the site of collateral circulation.The meridian disease is also localized in pain-sensitization.2.The results of acupoint hyperalgesia in modern literature researchSince 1976,the number of literature of acupoint hypersensitivity has been on an increasing trend,and the number and types of interventions involved have become more and more abundant.The acupoints associated with hyperalgesia belong to the Yang meridians more than the Yin meridians,and the main interventions are needling and electro-acupuncture.(1)Phenomenon and regularity of clinical research on hyperalgesia at acupointsThe most researched viscera disease is digestive system disease,Shangjuxu Xiajuxu and Zusanli had the highest degree of association with the disease.The sensitization point of hepatobiliary diseases is mainly based on back-shu points of bladder meridian,liver meridian and gall bladder meridian.The highest frequency of pain-sensitive acupoint of dysmenorrhea is Sanyinjiao.The most studied disease in meridian disorders is cervical and shoulder pain,which involving 14 articles.The sensitization points are mainly distributed in gallbladder meridian,large intestine meridian and small intestine meridian.The high frequency of sensitized acupoints for lumbar disc herniation is Yaotongdian and Yaodizhui of ear point.Migraine sensitization points are mostly distributed in gallbladder meridian and sanjiao meridian.The sciatica sensitization acupoints are mostly distributed in the bladder meridian.(2)Phenomenon and regularity of point-induced hyperalgesia in animalsThe included animal experimental literature was analyzed according to the classification of viscera disease and meridian disease,including 7 viscera diseases and 6 meridian diseases.In animal experiments,Zusanli is the highest sensitized acupoint in arthritic and gastrointestinal pain animals,and both used pain threshold as a sensitizer.However,the detection methods are different and had big difference.Conclusions:1.Acupoint hyperalgesia was originated from the Warring States Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties,matured from Weijin to Sui Tang Period,and was applied to the Song Dynasty to modern times.2.The pain-sensitive acupoints phenomena are mostly the places where the corresponding meridians pass and are often accompanied by other sensory sensitizations.3.Diseases with hyperalgesia are mostly treated with sensitized acupuncture points.Meridian disease often used Ashi points for acupuncture treatment,and viscera disease used back-shu points for moxibustion.4.The modern research on the hyperalgesia of acupoints has gradually increased,the number of researches is increasing,and it has regional differences.5.The detection methods of acupoint hyperalgesia phenomenon is mainly based on the detection of tenderness and pain threshold,but the equipment and methods are different.Further research is needed to establish the assessment criteria for pain sensitization of acupuncture points.6.The main role of acupoint hyperalgesia is twofold: on the one hand,it can be used to judge the state of the body and diagnose the pathophysiology of internal organs.On the other hand,it can better guide acupuncture points and treatment.