Assessment Of The Suitable Content Of Vitamins In Infant Formula And Follow-up Formula Standards Of China

Objective:The objective of this study was to discuss the appropriate limit value of each vitamin in the national standards for infant formula and follow-up formula in China,and to provide reference for the revision of infant formula food standards in China.Methods:Taking all the vitamins limit value in China’s food standard GB 10765/10767as the research object,according to the inclusion exclusion criteria,the literature and data published in recent years are inquired,especially domestic data,mainly including:vitamin content in breast milk,infant vitamin intake and actual intake,and health outcomes of lack or excessive,market product content distribution,current domestic and international standards,comprehensive analysis of the appropriate content of each vitamin.On the other hand,the daily intake of infants and young children is calculated based on the vitamin limit standard in the current national standard for infant formulas,and it is compared to the vitamin requirement the maximum tolerable amount of infants and young children in the 2013 edition of“Chinese Residents Dietary Reference Intake”（DRIs）,comprehensively integrating the results and relevant experts’suggestions,the preliminary proposed vitamins in infant formula foods are recommended for revision.Results:（1）In recent years,the results of our country’s studies on vitamins in infants and young children show that the vitamin content in infant formula food standards in China is basically reasonable,which can meet the nutritional needs of infants and young children in China.Some vitamins are recommended to be revised according to the latest scientific data.（2）Vitamin A:The results of relevant literature show that the average intake of vitamin A in infants and young children in China basically meets the needs of infants and young children,and the ratio between intake value calculated by the lower limit of vitamin A of China’s current infant formula and the corresponding daily infant’s appropriate intake（AI）is close to 1,and it is believed that the current lower limit can meet the requirement of vitamin A intake for infants and young children in China.Considering the tolerable maximum intake（UL）of vitamin A in infants and young children released in China,the ratio between intake value calculated by the upper limit of vitamin A in infant formula and the corresponding UL of infants is 1.53.It is recommended that vitamin A in infant formula be properly reduced.The infant’s intake calculated from the UL value is the standard,with reference to the latest international standards and the content distribution of Chinese market products,it is recommended that the suitable vitamin A content in infant formula standard in China be 60-150μg RE/100 kcal for infants,75-180μg RE/100 kcal for older infants,and 75-180μg RE/100 kcal for young children.（3）Vitamin D:The results of the investigation of vitamin D in infants and young children in China show that infants and young children in different regions have certain vitamin D deficiency.Referring to the daily requirement of vitamin D in infants and young children in DRIs,the ratio between intake value calculated by the lower limit of vitamin D of China’s current infant formula standard and the corresponding daily infant’s AI is 0.5.Considering the nutritional sources of vitamin D,it is considered that at present,China’s standard lower limit value is not sufficient to fully meet the actual needs of infants and young children,it is recommended to raise the lower limit.Due to actual production,it is recommended to increase the upper limit at the same time.Taking into account the actual loss of production and the UL value of vitamin D,it is recommended that the suitable content of standard vitamin D for infant formula standards in China be 2.0-5.0μg/100kcal both for infants,older infants,and young children.（4）Vitamin B₁:In recent years,the survey data on infants and children’s requirement and intake for Vitamin B₁,a small number of large infants and young children there is a small intake of vitamin B₁,that China’s current infant formula and infant formula vitamin B₁ Inadequate intake,it is recommended to increase its lower limit.Considering that our country’s standards do not currently set upper limits for Vitamin B₁ in infants and children,it is recommended to set an appropriate upper limit to ensure the health of infants and young children.Refer to the content of commercial products in China and the latest standards in various countries.it is recommended that the suitable content of standard vitamin B₁ for infant formula standards in China be 60-300μg/100kcal both for infants,older infants and young children.（5）Folic acid:Folic acid intake in infants and children of different regions and age groups under different feeding methods showed that there was some deficiency of folic acid intake in some areas,especially in some poor areas.Regardless of the source of folic acid,the ratio between intake value calculated by the lower limit of folic acid of China’s current infant formula standard and the corresponding daily infant’s AI is 0.87.It is believed that infants and children in China are at different ages.There is a lack of folic acid,it is recommended to increase the lower limit of the corresponding standard formula folic acid.The recommended folic acid content for infant formula is:12-50μg/100kcal for infants,10-50μg/100kcal for older infants,10-50μg/100kcal for young children.（6）At present,most of the vitamin limits in Chinese infant formula standards are considered reasonable based on research data.No adjustments are required,and some are rounded off.The actual content of vitamins that do not have an upper limit in the national standard has a few maximum values.Taking into account the production process problems of some small enterprises may be caused by incomplete mixing in the production process,etc.To ensure the health of infants and young children,it is recommended that the new standard revision set a new upper limit for vitamins that are not capped.Generally 3-5 times of the following limit value is taken as the standard,and the UL value,the latest domestic and foreign standards as well as the impact on the current market products and other factors shall be comprehensively determined.Conclusion:It is recommended that reasonable adjustments should be made to the vitamin limit value in China’s current infant formula formula based on scientific evidence,including revision of limit values,rounding of some fractions,establishment of new upper limit values,etc,to further protect the healthy growth of infants and children and regulate the production.