Spatio-temperal Evolution Of Longevity Level In Provinces Of Shaanxi-Shanxi-Henan And Factors Influencing It

The study area composes of three provinces including Shanxi,Shaanxi and Henan,where longevity is a bit lower than other areas in China.Taking the three provinces as a case to study factors influencing its longevity level will be referential to improve the healthy level of Chinese poplutiaon as well as the longevity level.The data of this papaer is based on the data of the fourth,fifth and sixth national census in 1990,2000 and 2010.Spatio-temporal evolution of four indexes about longevity including ratio of centenarians,the eldly level,life expentancy and comprehensive level of longevity has been studied respectively from scales of regions,cities and counties.Then the multiple linear regression model is built for the four indexes about longevity level respectively to analyse factors influencing it.At last,factors influencing the longevity of relatively longevous area are analaysed.Results show that:(1)From the time point of view,the study area has seen an increase in all the four indexes about longevity,with the maximum increase in ratio of centenarians,the second largest increase in the eldly level and the minium increase in life expentancy.In addition,there was a large difference among the growth rate of different spatial scales.(2)From the space point of view,the spatial distribution of all the indexes about longevity is similar,meaning the indexes are increasing gradually from northwest to southest.Apart from that,areas of higher values in ratio of centenarians,the eldly level and the comprehensive level of longevity are becoming smaller moving eastwards to Yudong District.However,areas of higher values of life expentancy shrink for bit and disperse with time.As for the areas with lower values,that of ratio of centenarians,life expentancy and the comprehensive level of longevity expands a little wheras that of the eldly level narrows for a bit.Specifically,on the regional level,all the indexes about longevity in Yudong Distribute and Yuzhong Distribute of Henan Province remain higher than that of the other areas.Ratio of centenarians and the comprehensive level of longevity in Guanzhong Distribute has seen a significant increase.And the eldly level in Distributes of Northern Shaanxi,Northern Shanxi and Central Shanxi are increasing significantly as well.On the city level,the ratio of cetenarionas,the eldly level and life expentancy of Tongchuan City has increased a great deal.On the contrary,the indexes of longevity of Yan’an City remains at a lower level relatively.On the county level,the cluster type of "HH" of indexes of ratio of centenarians,the eldly level and the comprehensive lelvel of longevity is narrowing eastwards to areas including Kaifeng,Shangqiu and Zhoukou.However,the cluster type of"HH" of life expentancy is expanding from Yudong Plain to area of Xi’an and Sanmenxia.As to the cluster type of "LL",it mainly appears in indexes of the eldly level,life expectancy and the comprehensive level of longevity,which is mainly distributed in Yan’an and Jin’cheng,narrowing with time.(3)As for the factors influencing the level of longevity,all the four indexex of longevity are affected by natural,social and economical factors.The natual factors give basic constraints for the the distribution of longevity.And the social and economical factors influence the four indexes differently,but there is a certain lag effect on the improvement of longevity.The ratio of centenarians and comprehensive level of longevity are mainly affected by the indicators including the altitude and slope which reflect the the heights of terrains.The eldly level is both affected by altitude and per GDP which reflects the development the economy.Life expentancy is also affected both by the terrains the development of economy and per education level.Above all,with the development of society and economy,its effect on longevity will become more and more significant.Besides,Yudong District is longevous relatively compared with other districts and it’s mainly related with its superior natural environment,good culture atmosphere and healthy lifestyles.