| The regional longevity level in Gansu-Ningxia-Qinghai-Xinjiang-Xizang regions of China is very typical and unique(for example,population aged 100 and above in Xinjiang province is outstanding,the average life expectancy of Tibet is very low),so choose these regions as research area has important value.Based on six census data(1953,1964,1982,1990,2000 and 2010)and statistical data,using descriptive statistics,spatial interpolation and map visualization,exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA)method,researched variation of time and space changes of the level of longevity(ratio of population aged 100 and above,elderly population ratio,and average life expectancy).Finally,the paper compares several methods to measure the comprehensive level of longevity,and the influencing factors of Longevity level.The results indicate that:1.The general situation and the time variation of longevity level aspectsThe research area is the major type of natural longevity area,has a high centenarians ratio but the average life expectancy is low.With the rapid development of the eastern part of China,natural advantages of five provinces disappeared significantly.Between 1953～2010,the study area’s centenarian ratio gradually decline in volatility,to 2010 has been lower than the national average level;with the exception of Xinjiang,the other provinces and the age coefficient for the whole study area showed an upward trend;the average life expectancy is also rising.2.the spatial-temporal longevity level between 1990～2010In 1990 and 2000,the southern part of Xinjiang is a high value area of the coefficient of the elderly,but in 2010,the southern Kashi,Hotan region lost the advantages,Tibet has become a high value area.In 2000 and 2010,the northern Xinjiang area is the high value area of the average life expectancy,and the low value area of life expectancy is formed in the middle part of Tibet and Qinghai.The average life expectancy of Xining,Yinchuan,Lanzhou and Urumqi,the 4 provincial capitals,is one of the highest in the study area.The southern and northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains,as well as the southeast of Tibet,the southeast of Qinghai,and the "Vinchuan plain of Gansu province are the high value areas of the comprehensive level of longevity,and in the middle of Tibet and the west of Ningxia,the Hexi Corridor is a low value area.3.Influence factors the establishment of longevity comprehensive indexAltitude has a weak influence on the level of longevity,the number of centenarians and centenarian population ratio with the increase of altitude is generally reduced,but there are exceptions.There was a significant negative correlation between the altitude and the average life expectancy,but not with the long life.The relationship between climate index and longevity level presents a variety of characteristics,air pressure and temperature play a positive role in promoting longevity,and the daily temperature,relative humidity and average wind speed are negatively correlated.There is no significant relationship between the social economic level and the ratio of centenarians and the coefficient of aging,which means that it is difficult to explain the promotion of social economic level to the two.There is a positive correlation between the stable and significant indices and the average life expectancy,such as the balance of savings deposits of urban and rural residents,hospital beds,per capita GDP,local finance general budget expenditure,five indicators of grain yield and average life expectancy are close to or reach the degree of positive correlation. |
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