| Crop straw refers to the collective name of the stems and leaves(ears)of mature crops,and is the remaining part of the crops after harvesting the seeds.However,due to its fragmented distribution,large size,high storage and transportation costs,and low industrialization,coupled with the diversification of rural energy sources and the improvement of living standards,what was originally used as living fuel or animal feed has gradually become agricultural waste.Thing.In 2020,China’s "Central Document No.1" issued the "Opinions on Doing a Good Job in the Fields of Agriculture,Rural Areas,and Peasants" to ensure that a comprehensive well-off society is achieved on time.Previously,in order to guide the majority of farmers to actively adopt the comprehensive utilization of straw and reduce air pollution,traffic,and fire hazards caused by the outdoor burning of straw,governments at all levels have formulated a number of policies and measures.On the one hand,they focus on "blocking",that is,using supervision and punishment And other administrative measures to limit farmers ’straw burning behavior outdoors;on the other hand,they focus on " sparse ",that is,improve the comprehensive utilization rate,the state proposes the " five transformations " of straw,namely,straw fertilizer,feed,fuel,and base material And raw materials,of which straw fertilizer is the largest.At present,Qiqihar City,Heilongjiang Province has a large amount of crop straw production,but there are problems such as lack of overall planning and comprehensive treatment of straw,simple and extensive treatment methods.In this regard,the relevant departments of Qiqihar City,Heilongjiang Province attach great importance to the "burning" of straw,build a "burning-free" network of straw,implement the responsibility of "burning-free" straw,and control the occurrence of "burning" in the open air.This article first defines the concepts of crop straw and comprehensive utilization of straw,and elaborates theories of industrial development,circular economics,ecological economics,and sustainable development,etc.,and lays a good theoretical support for the full text.Research methods such as literature review and statistical data analysis are used to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the main modes of comprehensive utilization of crop straws in Qihar City,and field survey methods are used to explain the status in quo of integrated utilization of crop straws in Qiqihar City.Make the groundwork for the problem.Thirdly,based on the research of the status in quo of integrated utilization of crop straws and the status of industrial development in Qiqihar City,it is found that there are problems in the comprehensive utilization of crop straws in Qiqihar City at this stage.From different perspectives,the causes of the problems are analyzed.Suggestions to prepare.From this time,a questionnaire survey and statistical data analysis research methods were used to build a policy needs evaluation index system for improving the potential of comprehensive utilization of crop straws in Qiqihar City.Based on the analytic hierarchy process and comprehensive scoring method,the main uses of comprehensive utilization of crop straws in Qiqihar City Model countermeasures.Finally,according to the actual situation of comprehensive utilization of crop straws in Qiqihar City,the article proposes to optimize the status in quo of integrated utilization of crop straw in qiqihar city from multiple perspectives,including the government,farmers and enterprises.The conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)Existing comprehensive utilization of crop straws in Qiqihar City: high utilization costs and difficult constraints to be resolved;imperfect collection and storage and transportation systems;immature technology and poor promotion effects;inadequate policy support systems and other problems.The causes are related to farmers,transit stations,enterprises and the government to varying degrees.(2)According to the analysis of policy needs for improving the comprehensive utilization potential of crop straws in Qiqihar City,it is concluded that the importance weights of economic potential,ecological potential,social potential,and technological potential for increasing the comprehensive utilization of crop straws are 0.2323,0.5462,0.1377,and 0.0838,most of which are Experts believe that improving the ecological potential of comprehensive utilization of straw is the most beneficial way to promote the development of comprehensive utilization of straw,followed by economic and social potential.From the perspective of improving the ecological potential and economic potential of comprehensive utilization of straw,it is the most effective policy means to establish a comprehensive straw collection,storage and transportation service system;from the perspective of improving the social potential of comprehensive utilization of straw,establishing effective policy subsidies and incentive measures is the most effective From the perspective of improving the potential of comprehensive straw utilization technology,improving the supporting industry for comprehensive utilization of straw is the most effective policy means.Strengthening the development and promotion of new technologies and equipment also has a certain influence.(3)In order to better promote the comprehensive utilization of crop straws in Qiqihar City,a series of optimization countermeasures are proposed: the establishment of effective policy subsidies and incentive measures;the establishment of a comprehensive straw collection,storage and transportation service system;We will strengthen research and development of new technologies and equipment promotion Improve the supporting industries for comprehensive utilization of crop straws. |
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