Eco-Physiological Photosynthetic Mechanism Of The Tea Yield And Quality In Different Habitats

The economic plants inter-cropping has become an important method for farmers to increase their income.Ecological factors,yield and quality of the tea can be changed by inter-cropping trees in tea garden.In order to discover the eco-physiological photosynthetic mechanism of the tea yield and quality in different habitats and to find the best habitats to improve the tea yield and quality,the experiment was conducted with three different typical habitats at Chinese Academy of Science（S1,S2,and CK）by comparing the photosynthetic physio-ecological functions of tea leaves under different ecological conditions in different seasons.The main findings are in the following:1.The ecological photosynthetic factors of tea leaves in different habitats were different significantly（P<0.05）.Photosynthetic Active Radiation and Leaf Temperature of tea leaves in habitat S1 and S2 were lower than those of habitat CK significantly,while Leaf Chamber Relative Humility of tea leaves were higher than that of habitat CK significantly.The diurnal changes of effective Photosynthetic Active Radiation and Leaf Temperature of tea leaves in each habitat showed a single-peaked curve,and the daily change of the Leaf Chamber Relative Humility showed a"U"-shaped curve.2.The photosynthetic functions of those of tea leaves in different habitats were different significantly（P<0.05）.Habitats S2 and S1 reduced the Photosynthetic Rate,Transpiration Rate,and Stoma Conductance of tea leaves significantly,while increase the Inter-cellular CO₂ Concentration of tea leaves significantly.The daily changes of Photosynthetic Rate,Transpiration Rate,and Gs Stoma Conductance tea leaves were the single-peak curves,while the tea habitats CK and S2 in the summer showed asymmetrical"M"shape double-peak curves.The daily changes of Inter-cellular CO₂ Concentration was the"U"shaped curve generally but the tea habitat CK and S2 in the summer was"W"shape,and the daily changes of Inter-cellular CO₂ Concentration in tea habitat S1 was an"inverted V"shape curve.3.Compared with different seasons,spring tea has the highest tea yield and the best quality.The yield of spring tea was higher than others by the turn of spring tea>summer tea>autumn tea（P<0.05）significantly.The quality of Spring tea was higher than others by the turn of spring tea>autumn tea>summer tea.The Total Amino Acid of the Spring tea was higher than others by the turn of spring tea>autumn tea>summer tea.Also the Content of Tea Polyphenols,Caffeine Content,and Phenol Ammonia Ratio of the spring tea was higher than others by the turn of spring tea>autumn tea>summer tea.But the Contents of Water Extracts of the autumn tea was higher than others by the turn of autumn tea>Summer Tea>Spring Tea and the Contents of Chlorophyll of autumn was higher than others by the turn of autumn tea>spring tea>summer tea.4.Habitat S1 and S2 can increase the tea yield and quality significantly（P<0.05）.The tea yields of habitats S1 and S2 were higher than those of habitat CK significantly by the trend of habitat CK<habitat S2<habitat S1.Habitats S1 and S2 also can increase the Total Amino Acid,Caffeine Content and Contents of Water Extracts significantly,while reduce the Content of Tea Polyphenols,and Phenol Ammonia Ratio significantly.The Shoot Water Content in habitats S1 and S2 were higher than that of habitat CK significantly.The density of bud was lower than that of the habitat CK.The habitat S1 was the most conducive to promote the Chlorophyll by comparing The chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and Contents of Chlorophyll in the three different habitats by the turn of habitat S1>habitat S2>habitat CK.5.Photosynthetic Active Radiation,Leaf Chamber Relative Humility and Leaf Temperature are the main factors that influence the photosynthetic physiology functions.The Photosynthetic Rate and Transpiration Rate are positively correlated with Photosynthetic Active Radiation and Leaf Temperature significantly（P<0.05）.The Intercellular CO₂Concentration and the Leaf Chamber Relative Humility in tea leaves correlated positively and significantly;Photosynthetic Active Radiation and Leaf Temperature of tea leaves are correlated with Caffeine Content,Content of tea Polyphenols,and Total amino acid significantly and positively,while the correlation between Intercellular CO₂ Concentration and Caffeine Content,Content of Tea polyphenols,and Total Amino Acid in tea leaves were significantly and negatively（P<0.01）.6.Habitats S1 and S2 can change the ecological environment of the tea garden after inter-cropping and shading,and then improved the photosynthetic physiological and ecological functions,and then increased the total photosynthetic capacity of the tea garden,thereby improving the yield and quality of the tea and increasing the output of the tea plantation.