Studies On Increasing-yield And Stable-yield Effects And Mechanism Of Different Genotype Maize (Zea Mays L.) In Inter-cropping Condition

The intercropping experiments were conducted according to genetic diversity in cultivars with maize from different inheritable context in two successive years (2005-2006).The physiological and ecological effects of maize in different genotypes was studied,and the main results showed as follows:1 The yield and land equivalent ratio(LER)have been improved in reasonable intercropping of different genotypes maize,the yield of some intercropping colony could increase by 10%compared its constitute,such as YY19,when it intercropped by ZD958,the colony yield was 19.35%more than YY19,while yield of ZD958 in this compound colony did not increase.And the optimum intercropping colony,ZD958‖XD20,the yield of compound colony increased by 5.37%and 6.62%than ZD958 and XD20,respectively.And the two varieties of the later colony increased significantly with yield.This predominance mainly profited from genetic diversity in cultivars,and the quality of whole colony was improved by intercropping,and it could make more orgnic matter to adjust the relationship between source and sink as to increase the yield eventually.2 Effects of physiological and ecological effects of maize in different genotypes under mono- or inter-cropping conditions was evidently different from each other. Kernel weight of maize in intercropping was increased dued to its disease-resistance ability enhancement and xenia effects;the predominance in dry matter production of intercropping maily showed that it accumulated a little more organic matter after silking.By intercropping,microclimate in limited field become well;leaf obliquity between stem and leaves,especially above ear augmented,leaves around ear could accept more sun light,accepted light of leaves in lower stem polished up;plant height and ear location became more rational;leaf area was larger than maize in mono-cropping condition,especially at later growth stage and leaf senescence speed lowered;PAR in maize of intercropping improved,Pn increased and fluorescence traits optimized,Chlorophyll content increased,especially in the later growth stage when maize suffering several kinds of disease,the leaf functional period extended,so as to maintain higher Chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate,enlarged the source relatively and could obtained stable yield and high yield evertually. 3 Selecting reasonable intercroppin compound colony could improve stress-resistance ability efficiently.For air-sending disease rust,YY19 in compound colony rust-resistane ability improved 65.37%,significantly,and plant quantity which affected tiptop disease level became less;lodging resistance improved 50%in compound colony;XD20 in compound colony rhixoctonia-resistance improved 29.91%than it in mono-cropping condition,and rhixoctonia-resistance ability of intercropping compound colony improved 18,56%and 43.52%than ZD958 and XD20 in mono-cropping condition,respectively;As for pythium,resistance ability improve 38.93%and 47.17%;To abiogenisis Heban,disease resistance ability improved narrowly.4 Physiology effects of disease plant betweent maize in mono-cropping and intercropping conditions was different from each other significantly.In the intercropping compound colony,ZD958 and XD20 had less plants of a disease and plant quantity which affected tiptop disease level became less,too;on the other hand,state of an illness deteriorated more slowly,so leaf area of disease plant reduced less;photosynthetic rate and evaporation rate got well compared mazie in mono-croppin,and the order of sun light improvement in the compound colony was upside＞middle part＞downside;fluorescence traits optimized,maize in compound colony showed more predominance as the disease level becoming higher;MDA in leaf of a disease reduced a little than maize in mono-cropping condition,and the same as the predominace in the disease level;daily-changing regulation of super-oxygen anion liberty radix(O~2.-)producing speed changed more smoothly and slowered on average than maize in mono-cropping.The advantages stated above most profited from the good intercropping compound colony.5 Maize in intercropping compound colony showed the predominance was because of xenia effects to some extent and had universality,its effects had affinity with pedigree of varieties.Kernel weight of maize which male parent was ZD958 was most heavier than these sister-crossed,and 83.3%varieties which female parent was ZD958 got heavier.As for grain moisture concentration,maize which male parent was ZD958 tured less and 60%varieties which female parent was ZD958 got down.So hybriding corn seed could also showed predominance when hybrided once again with each other in the intercropping compound colony,and was in favor of transfer and utilization of dry matter and improved the quality of deposited corn seed.