A Taxonomic Study On The Genus Phaedrotoma(Hymenoptera:Braconidae:Opiinae) From China

Genus Phaedrotoma Foerster,1863 belongs to the subfamily Opiinae,which is one of subfamilies of family Braconidae(Hymenoptera).Phaedrotoma Foerster,1863 is a large genus and worldwidely spreading,currently with about 510 species.There are 28 known species recorded in China,which distribute in 9 provinces in the nation wide.Opiinae are solitary koinobiont endoparasitoids of larvae of cyclorraphous Diptera,but oviposition may take place in the egg of the host(ovo-larval parasitoids).The main hosts of Phaedrotoma are flies of Agromyzidae and Anthomyiidae.Phaedrotoma may play an important role in the biocontrol of dipterous pests such as mining Agromyzidae.The dissertation revises species of genus Phaedrotoma from China,which consists of general part and taxonomic part.The general part introduces taxonomic history of genus Phaedrotoma,morphology,biology,distribution,materials and methods.In the taxonomic part,57 species of this genus are recognized and described based on about 4000 specimens,which includes 51 species,3 new combinations and 3 known species.Otherwise,13 known species are moved from genus Opius to genus Phaedrotoma.Key to species of Phaedrotoma from China is also provided.Types are all deposited in the Parasitic Hymenoptera Collection of Zhejiang University(ZJUH).The new taxa,new combinations and one known species are listed as follows:New species:Phaedrotoma ankyloamara,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma anomala,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma aphelostoma,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma aulacogastera,sp.nov.,Phaedrotozma citrina,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma clistocellula,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma curtiphlebia,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma cyclocephala,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma cyphostoma,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma cyrtogastera,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma ectoloba,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma ellipta,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma enrypa,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma eurystoma,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma euryprosopa,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma euryterga,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma exochoterga,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma grammica,sp.nov.,Phaedlrotoma hadrothoraca,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma holocarina,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma isomeca,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma leiogastera,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma leiothoraca,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma leptopoda,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma leptoterga,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma leptohoraca,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma leucogastera,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma loxoneura,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma macrophleba,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma macrostoma,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma magalophthalma,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma microphlebia,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma micropoda,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma oligochaeia,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma orthocephala,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma oxygastera,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma phaeocephala,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma phaeocephala,sp,nov.,Phaedrotoma poecilocephala,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma pycnochaeta,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma rhyssothoraca,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma rhytithoraca,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma ruditerga,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma rudithoraca,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma scotocephala,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma semicyclosa,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma stenostigma,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma strongyyla,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma trachythoraca,sp.nov.,Phaedrotoma trigona,sp.nov.,Phaecdrotoma xuthostoma,sp.nov..New combinations:Phaedrotoma abortiva(Weng et Chen,2005)comb.nov.;Phaedrotoma crenuturis(Fischer,1996)comb.nov.;Phaedrotoma crosswisa(Weng et Chen,2005)comb.nov.;Phaedrotoma dichrocera(Chen et Weng,2005)comb.nov.;Phaedrotoma digita(Weng et Chen,2005)comb.nov.;Phaedrotoma flava(Weng et Chen,2005)comb,nov.;Phaedrotoma isabella(Chen et Weng,2005)comb.nov.;Phaedrotoma literalis(Chen et Weng,2005)comb.nov.;Phaedrotoma louis.eae(Weng et Chen,2005)comb.nov.;Phaedrotoma parallela(Weng et Chen,2005)comb.nov.;Phaedrotoma pratellae(Weng et Chen,2005)comb.nov.;Phaedrotoma prolata(Chen et Weng,2005)comb.nov.;Phaedrotoma sylvia(Wens et Chen,2005)comb.nov..Known species:Phaedrotoma depressa Li et Achterberg,2013;Phaedrotoma flavisoma,Li et van Achterberg,2013;Phaedrotoma rugulifera Li et van Achterberg,2013.