The Distribution Of Wild Vitis Spp. Resources In Yunnan Province And The Construction Of Grapevine Nursery

To fully understand the distribution and species of wild Vitis spp.resources in Yunnan Province,as well as to develop high quality and characteristic grapevine cultivars,two aspects of research work have carried in this study.Firstly,after a overall looking up the distribution and species of wild grape resources in Yunnan province,from literatures and specimens,field investigation were carried out for more than 50 counties in Yunnan province.Secondly,successfully constructed the first grapevine nursery in Yunnan province,and the growth,adaptability,biochemical qualities of these grape varieties in nursery were also investigated.Main results as follws:1.Wild Vitis resources were documented distributed in almost all the districts of Yunnan province and the widest distributed species was Vitis heyneana Roem.&Schult.Other wider distributed species were Vitis betulifolia Diels&Gilg,Vitis flxuosa Thunb,Vitis davidii(Roman.du Caill.)Foex and Vitis bryoniaefolia Bge.Vitis sinocinnerea W.T.Wang,Vitis wilsonae Veitch and Vitis bellula(Rehd.)W.T.Wang were narrowly distributed.And Vitis yunnanensis C.L.Li,Vitis menghaiensis C.L.Li,Vitis mengziensis C.L.Li and Vitis fengqingensis C.L.Li were seen pointedly distributed.2.Only six species of wild Vitis were collected in a current field investigation,i.e.Vitis heyneana,Vitis bryoniaefolia,Vitis davidii,Vitis yunnanensis,Vitis bellula and Vitis betulifolia.Vitis heyneana is also the most widely distributed species.Vitis bryoniaefolia is another wide distributed species of wild grape in Yunnan province.Some wild Vitis resources that had been recorded in literatures were no longer exist at the specimen collection sites,some new distribution sites of wild grapes however,were found,in current investigation.Considering the result of historical and this investigation,wild Vitis spp.resources were abundant and wide distributed in Yunnan province.3.With the help of grape and wine research team of Yunnan agricultural university,a grapevine resource nursery in Yunnan province was constructed,and 258 varieties of grapevines with 164 varieties of table grape and 69 varieties of wine grape were collected:in the nursery.After investigating the growth,adaptability and phenological phase,Rose Honey,Fujiminori,Red Rose,Bacco Noir,Calabrese de Calabria,Marselan,Sauvignon Blanc and Petit Manseng were found adapting the low latitude plateau climate.These varieties also appeared strong growth property,good disease-resistance and short life cycle.Rose Honey,Bacco Noir,Marselan,Sauvignon Blanc and Petit Manseng are wine grape,Fujiminori and Calabrese de Calabria are table grape.Wild grapes in nursery also had good traits on growth and disease-resistance.The phenological phase of late-maturing grapes was found advanced obviously in nursery.4.The quality evaluation results,based on physiological and biochemical parameters of grape leaves,showed that total sugar and total acid are the main reason for the determination of different grapevines,but total protein played the least role.Physiological and biochemical properties are not only affected by different varieties,but also by climate conditions.Principal component analysis(PCA)revealed total sugar,total protein,total phenolic and total flavonoid significantly correlated with their variety properties,also showed that the difference between grapevines is a comprehensive characterization of organic parameters,for example fruit colors,there is a certain relationship between fruit color and organic parameters.The establishment of this evaluation system makes grapevine evaluation is independent of phenological phase.According to the grapevine evaluation and phenological phase investigation,Petit Manseng may have great value of development and utilization in the distinct geography and climate of Yunnan province.