Effect Of Water Stress In Different Growth Periods On Grape Yield And Fruit Quality

In order to explore the influence on water use efficiency,plant nutrient,yield and quality under the control of the water deficit in wine grape,the experiment of water control irrigation in different growth period was conducted in Liangzhou,Wuwei,from April to October in 2015.The experimental grape species is Merlot.The purpose of the experiment is to provide some theoretical reference and production increasing and quality improvement of the local wine grape under the water saving.The research results are as follows:(1)The water consumption was decreased when the fruit expanding period and coloring mature period of wine grape is under actualizing water stress.The water stress of germination period and fruit expanding period and coloring mature period had a significant influence on the daily water consumption intensity of wine grape;it had an effect on the daily water consumption intensity of the latter period when the moderate water stress is actualizing during the fruit expanding period.The water stress of new shooting period and coloring mature period will make the water consumption model coefficient of wine grape significantly reduced.The water consumption model coefficient reaches 41.51%~62.25%,which is the highest of the whole growing period,and it is the critical period of water requirement.(2)The irrigation water use efficiency was increased by 11.25% when the mild water stress was actualized in the germination period.The tannin content was increased by 11.28%,while the total phenolic content and irrigation water use efficiency was respectively decreased by 9.3% and 3.32% when the moderate water stress was actualized in the germination period.And the vertical and horizontal diameter of the wine grape was reduced when mild water stress was actualized in the new shooting period.The soluble solids content and the irrigation water use efficiency were respectively increased by 22.8% and 11.25% when moderate water stress was actualized in the flowering period.The wine production was reduced by 10.29% and 12.77% when mild and moderate water stress was actualized during the fruit expanding stage,but the water use efficiency was increased by 39.88% and 39.56% respectively.And the irrigation water use efficiency was increased by 12.18% when the mild water stress was actualized in the fruit expanding period.The titration acid content is decreased by 22.99%,but the ratio of sugar to acid and the total phenolic content of the wine grape was increased by 50.90% and 11.3% respectively when the mild water stress was actualized in the coloring mature period,while the tannin content and number of ears per plant was significantly reduced by 18.68% and 25.0%,and the total phenolic content and irrigation water use efficiency was increased 12.62% and 12.92% respectively when moderate water stress was actualized in the coloring mature period.(3)The effect of yield traits on yield was: yield per plant > panicle number > single panicle weight > single grain weight > single grain dry weight.The results showed that the yield per plant was the most important on the yield,then the panicle number follows,and the single grain weight per plant was the least.(4)Obtained by the canonical correlation analysis,the transverse diameter showed an increasing trend and soluble solid content showed a decreasing trend in a certain range with the increase of single ear weight and ear number per plant.In addition,with total yield,panicle number per plant and yield per plant increased,the total phenols and acids content would show a downward trend in a certain range.