The Primary Study On Inheritance Performance Of Main Characters Of Salvia Splendens And Initial Selection Of Super Individual Plants

Salvia splendens is widely used in urban enviroment gardening of China.While now many of them tend to be red,low and largely depend on input,so it is imminent to foster new cultivaters that has new color,plant styles and dependent intellecture prosperity.Cross breeding is the basic and effective way of fostering new cultivater,while now the study on Salvia splendens still stay on basic stage and the relative report on affinity analyze,heredity regulation et.are limited,which make the develop of Salvia splendens difficult.In this study’Cai Linghong’,’Honfen jiaren’,’Baima wangzi’,’Chengxiang Gongzhu’,’Vista purple’,’Vista Red’,’Vista lavender’ were selected as materials.First,we studied some key aspects in crossing breeding.Then 20 crosses were made by complete diallel cross.we figured out and analyzed the performance of main traits in F1 and F2,made backcross and F3 generation further inspection on plenty branches traits of ’Cai Linghong’,picked out some super individuals that had good comprehensive performance from F2 generation by AHP and reference cross breeding aims.Besides,based on the quantitative traits in plants proposed by major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model,using multiple generations joint quantitative trait P1,P2,F1,F2 analysis method,was conducted to study the inheritance of 4 agronomy traits in Salvia Splendens.The results are shown as follows:1.The strict self-pollination was the main pollination way of Salvia splendens in greenhouse cultivation,while entomophilous and anemophilous did good to pollinate.The flower stigma had acceptation and energy since the corolla length reaching the half of the calyx,increased as the flower slowly open,reached the highest during the flower open and decrease after they opened.The temperature,humidity and other enviroment factor in October was more adaptable to the cross breeding of from July to October.It was necessary to choose the material that had high seed setting rate.Reciprocal cross in Salvia had big difference in cross breeding and the combination that apply the material that has high seed setting rate as the female parent has comparatively high cross seed setting rate.2.It had no separation in color of F1 generation and just had two color,red and purplish.In F1 generation,purple was incomplete dominance to rose,white,orange and red and red was dominant to rose,white,orange.In F1 generation,apart from leaf area,other traits all show low muta tion frequency and less obvious separation.Transgressive phenomenon and individuals largely ap peared in F1 generation.Among 15 traits,showing bud period,showing color period,squaring period and full-bloom period had obvious less lower-parent phenomenon.Many traits had obvious more higher-than-parent phenomenon,such as stem diameter,inflorescence length,the number of flor al whorl,plant height,inflorescence diameter.,which improve the values and quality of Salvia sple ndens.The Heterosis in node number in squaring period,the plant height,the stem internode and the inflorescence whorl intemode would decrease the ornamental or be not conducive to the produce in factorization of Salvia splendens.I think,totally speaking,4 combination have super performance in F1 generation,which were’Hongfen jiaren’×’Vista purple’,’Cailinghong’×’Hongfenjiaren’,’Vista purple’×’Hongfenjiaren’,’Vista purple’×’Chengxianggongzhu’3.In F2 generation,color had wide separation and varied with different combination.Seven new color occurred,which were lavender,purplish,pink,red-white multicolor,pink-white multicolor,rose-white multicolor,purple-white multicolor.Among 20 crosses,the combination of ’Chengxianggongz-hu’ and’Vista purple’ ’Baimawangzi’ and ’Vista purple’ separate most.We predicted that the genetype of ’Hongfenjiaren’ is PPvvbbeerrLLIntInt,the genetype of ’Cailinghong’ is PPvvbbeeRRL LIntInt,the genetype of ’Chenxianggongzhu’ is PpvvbbeeRRllIntInt,the genetype of ’Baimawangzi’is ppvvbbeeRRLLIntInt,the genetype of ’Vista purple’ is PPVVbbeeRRLLIntInt.The genetype of purplish is PPVvbbeeRRLLIntInt,the genetype of lavender is PPVvbbeeRRllIntInt,the genetype of pink is PpvvbbeerrllIntInt.While it still need further verification to test it.Generally speaking,F2 had big difference from F1 generation.In F2 generation,compared with F1 gegeration,the the first-pair-leaves periods,showing bud period,showing bud period,full-bloomp eriod postponed,node number in squaring period increased,stem internode shorten,plant heightincrease significant,the number of flower varied in a imperceptible way,the inflorescence length shortened significantly,the number of flower whorl decreased,the distance of flower whorl shortened,leaf area sustained the heterosis,the ratio of leaf length and width declined and the shape of leaf tend to long and narrow.Generally speaking,the growth potential and ornamental of F2 generation was weaker than the appreciation of the F2 generation.The decline of Stem internode,Stem diameter,number of flower,inflorescence diameter,inflorescence whorl internod and leaves area all slightly contributed to the enhancement of ornamental value,while the decline of other 9 traits all decrease the value and quality of Salvia the of view of genetic variation coefficient,the showing bud period,showing color period,full-bloom period,Stem diameter,number of flower and the ratio of leaf length and width was small,while other traits had broad separation in F2 Genaration.4.Compared with non-’Cailinghong’ types,High-tillering phenotype of’Cailinghong’was recessive.This phenotype was controlled by two nuclear recessive gene and only when two genes were both recessive,high-tillering phenotype could occurr.The phenotype got from F2 generation could be herehied in F3 generation.5.High-tillering ’Cailinghong Series’in different color,rose,white,orange,purple,purplish were got.new color,including pink,red-white multicolor,pink-white multicolor,rose-white multicolor,purplewhite multicolor were got.We got some outstanding individuals in different color,plant height and had good comprehensive character,including pink,red-white multicolor,pink-white multicolor,rose-white multicolor,purple white multicolor.We get 27 Ⅰ level individuals,149Ⅱ level individuals,169 Ⅲ level individuals 6.Using the major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model,we ana lysed four traits that in fluence Salvia splendens values most,plant height,the distance between flower whorls,inflorescence length,full-bloom period.The inheritance of the plant height and distance between flower whorlsall conformed to the E-6 model,that was the model of two pair of dominant codominant major gene and additive gene,dominant gene,polygene mixed model.The inheritance of the fullb-loom period conformed to the D model,that was the model of a pair of dominance major gene and additive gene,dominant gene,epistatic gene mixed model.The inheritance of the inflorescence length conformed to the E-5 model,that was the model of two pair of complete dominance major gene and additive gene,dominant gene poly gene mixed model.