The Study Of The Crossing-utilization Of Yunan Black Pig

Yunan black pig is a valuable local cultivated breed which has delicate meat quality and peculiarity taste,but its growth rate is a little bit slow.In order to further explore the excellent meat quality,flavor characteristics and improve the growth rate of Yunan black pig,the study of hybrid test were as follows: Yunan black pig was took as female parent and Duroc,Berkshire were took as male parents in the first two group.Sutai pig was took as female parent and Yunan black pig was took as male parent in the third group.Make Yunan black pig as controls and analyze the growth performance,slaughter trait,carcass trait and meat character.At the same time,the polymorphism of H-FABP gene was studied by PCR-RFLP in tested pigs.The results were as follows:1.The average daily gain(ADG)in the stage of 30 to 60 kg was Berkshire×Yunan black pig(B×Y)> Duroc×Yunan black pig(D×Y)> Yunan black pig(YH)> Yunan black pig×Sutai(Y×S)pig,and the ADG of B×Y,D×Y pig were higher than YH 57.53,48.42 grams every day(P>0.05);Feed to gain ratio(F/G)was Y×S>D×Y>YH>B×Y.The ADG in the stage of 60 kg to 95 kg was D×Y>B×Y>YH>Y×S,and the ADG of D×Y,B×Y were higher than YH 51.70g/d,45.18g/d respectively(P>0.05);F/G was Y×S>YH>B×Y>D×Y.The ADG in the whole experiment process was B×Y> D×Y> YH>Y×S,and B×Y was significantly higher than YH and Y×S 64.11g/d,74.00g/d(P<0.05);F/G was Y×S> YH> D×Y>B×Y,and F/G of B×Y,D×Y were lower than YH 0.14 and 0.09 respectively.But Y×S was higher than controls 0.09.The results indicated that the growth performance of B×Y and D×Y has improved.2.The body length of D×Y was 110.86 cm,which was longer than YH,Y×S and B×Y 0.43 cm,1.29 cm and 3.86 cm respectively.The heart girth and cannon circumference of D×Y were significantly larger than B×Y and Y×S(P<0.05).There were no significant difference between D×Y and YH in the heart girth,cannon circumference,trunk index,chest girth index and bone index(P>0.05).The bone index of D×Y was significantly greater than Y×S and B×Y 11.08%,6.68% respectively.The results indicated that the somatotype was promoted by importing Duroc lineage.3.The carcass length of D×Y and B×Y were significantly greater than the others(P<0.05,but the dressing percentage and lean meat percentage were slightly less than YH(P>0.05.There were no significant difference between Y×S and YH in rib number(P>0.05.4.The meat shear force of cross combinations were lower compared to control group,and D×Y and Y×S were significantly less than YH(P<0.05).The rate of cooked meat of B×Y was significantly greater than control group 3.52%(P<0.05),but there were no significant difference among the other two hybrid combinations and Yunan black pig(P>0.05).The IMF content of D×Y and Y×S were slightly less than YH 0.28%、0.29%(P>0.05).However,the IMF content of B×Y(2.27%)was significantly less than Yunan black pig(2.96%)(P<0.05).Each single amino acid concentration of Y×S was greater than YH,and it was significantly greater than the other two cross combinations(P<0.05).But there were no significant difference among each groups in the content and composition of fatty acid(P>0.05).The results of the trial indicated that there were some improvement in meat shear force,loin-eye area,amino acid and fatty acid except the IMF content and water loss rate,and the nutritional components of Y×S was the richest especially.5.For Hinf I-RFLP,all of the four test groups had intermediate polymorphism(0.25<PIC<0.5),and allele frequency of H was 0.83,0.33,0.70 and 0.61 respectively;but except B×Y,the gene and genotype frequency of the other three were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P>0.05).Hae III-RFLP,Msp I-RFLP and Hinf I*-RFLP were in linkage equilibrium,and the dominant allele frequencies were 0.32,0.58,0.45 and 0.50,respectively;but except YH(PIC<0.25),the others had intermediate polymorphism(0.25<PIC<0.5).In conclusion,D×Y and B×Y had an advantage over growth performance and carcass traits.For meat quality,Y×S combination have more advantages than the other two hybrid combinations.The results of this study can provide the reference basis for the YH breeding and hybrid combining ability measurement,and provide the basis for the study of the establishment the YH better growth performance and muscle quality,and it would be promoting the development of swine industry in Henan province.