The Influence Of Environmental Factors On Cardiovascular Disease And The Difference Between Urban And Rural Areas

Cardiovascular diseases include ischemic or hemorrhagic diseases such as cardiovascular disease,cerebrovascular disease,coronary heart disease,and arrhythmia.Cardiovascular mortality is still the leading cause of death in China,and its prevalence is still on the rise.Cardiovascular disease ranks among the top five causes of death in Guangxi,which is considered as a major public health problem that must be solved as soon as possible.In this study,the daily hospitalization cases of cardiovascular diseases at the comprehensive hospital at county level in Guangxi in 2015 were collected.The kernel density estimation method was used to map the disease and analyze cardiovascular disease spatial differences.The distribution-lag nonlinear model?DLNM?was used to analyze the urban-rural difference in exposure-response associations between meteorological factors,air quality factors and cardiovascular disease.Finally,the interaction of two risk factors on cardiovascular disease and urban-rural differences were analyzed.The main results are as follows:?1?The influence of meteorological factors on cardiovascular disease varied across urban and rural areas.With the rise of air pressure,the risk of cardiovascular disease in urban and rural areas has gradually increased.High air pressure has the greatest impact on cardiovascular disease in cities.The effect of air pressure on rural cardiovascular disease is more permanent.Extreme cold has a greater impact on cardiovascular disease in rural areas than in cities.?2?Air quality factors have a greater impact on cardiovascular disease in urban than rural areas.In urban and rural areas,with a lag of 0-2 days,high concentration of NO₂ had a greater effect on increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease.The RR value of high concentration of NO₂ in urban and rural areas were 1.14 at 0 days lag.Extremely high concentrations of SO₂ had a significant impact on the risk of cardiovascular disease.With a 3-day lag,the RR of SO₂ with high concentrations was 1.05?CI: 1.03,1.08?in cities and 1.04?CI: 1.01,1.07?in rural.Extremely high concentrations of PM_2.5 increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in both urban and rural areas at a lag of 0 days.The relative risk value of city is higher than that of country.With the increase of lag days,the risk of the disease decreased.?3?The results of the risk factors interaction showed that air pollution factors have a strong interaction on cardiovascular disease than one risk factor in urban and rural areas.The interaction of pollution factors is stronger than rural areas.Especially,the interaction effect on cardiovascular disease between NO₂ and SO₂ was severer in urban areas.The interaction effect of two meteorological factors on cardiovascular disease was relatively light in urban and rural areas,such as rainfall-temperature.In addition,a weak interaction between cardiovascular disease and pressure-temperature,pressure-wind only existed in rural.This study would provide reference for public health institutions and provide some suggestions for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in Guangxi.Under extreme weather conditions,public and government should pay more attention to the cardiovascular disease and take precautions.In addition,the government should also take action to reduce air pollution,especially in urban areas.