Risk Factors Of Air Pollution On Respiratory And Cardiovascular Systems In Four Cities Of Xinjiang

Objective:To analyze the effects of air pollution on respiratory and cardiovascular mortality in four cities of Xinjiang at different ages and gender levels,and to analyze the seasonal characteristics of the health effects of air pollution,so as to put forward suggestions for population prevention in Xinjiang.Methods:The death data of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in four cities of Xinjiang from 2015 to 2017 were collected,and the daily concentration monitoring data of air pollutants PM₁₀,NO₂,SO₂ and meteorological factors such as temperature,air pressure,humidity and wind speed in four cities in the same period were collected.GAM was used to analyze the relationship between urban air pollution and mortality of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in different gender,age and season.The relative risk of multiple pollutants to death from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases adjusted by single pollution model was analyzed.Results:1.From 2015 to 2017,the average annual concentration of air pollutants in four cities of Xinjiang was relatively high.The concentration of SO₂ and NO₂ in Urumqi was much higher than that in other three cities?the highest was 15.53±12.62?g/m3?,51.06±21.98?g/m3).The concentration of PM₁₀0 in Kashgar was much higher than that in other three cities?the highest was 252.19±154.30?g/m3?.The concentration of air pollutants in four cities showed a decreasing trend year by year.The concentration of substance in heating period is higher than that in non-heating period.2.The meteorological factors of the four cities are relatively stable from 2015 to 2017,which accords with the characteristics of the geographical conditions of the cities.The changes of the meteorological factors of the four cities have certain seasonal characteristics.There is a certain correlation between meteorological factors and pollutants.Temperature and wind speed are negatively correlated with the three main pollutants?P<0.01?,while air pressure and relative humidity are positively correlated with the three main pollutants?P<0.01?.There is also a certain correlation between meteorological factors.3.Single pollution model analysis showed that there was a lag effect of three major pollutants on the mortality of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in four cities,and the impact of air pollutants on the mortality of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in residents had statistical significance?P<0.05?.The effects of three atmospheric pollutants on the mortality of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in four cities were analyzed comprehensively.There was no significant difference among different genders and ages.In the four cities,only Urumqi had significant difference in the effects of NO₂ and PM₁₀on cardiovascular disease mortality in different seasons?P<0.05?.The relative risk of cardiovascular system death was 1.047?1.007-1.087?and 1.018?1.000-1.035?for each 10?g/m3increase of NO₂ concentration during heating and non-heating periods in Urumqi.The relative risk of death of cardiovascular system was 1.014?1.005-1.023?and 1.003?1.000-1.007?for each 10?g/m3increase of PM₁₀0 concentration during heating and non-heating periods in Urumqi.4.The multi-pollution model showed that the effects of three pollutants on the mortality of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in four cities decreased after adjustment?P<0.05?.In four cities,there was significant difference between SO₂ and other two pollutants in adjusting the mortality of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases?P<0.05?.Conclusion:SO₂ and PM₁₀0 are still the most serious pollutants in the four cities of Xinjiang,and the pollutants in heating period are more serious.The concentration of pollutants and the level of meteorological factors in four cities show certain regularity.The change of meteorological factors is relatively stable,and there is a correlation with pollutants.Short-term exposure to atmospheric pollutants in four cities will increase the risk of death from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.The harmful effects of atmospheric pollutants in four cities are basically consistent with domestic studies.Women and groups under 65 years old are more sensitive.Atmospheric pollutants in heating period have a greater impact on death from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.According to the characteristics of pollutant concentration and seasonal variation in each city,the treatment of SO₂ and PM₁₀0 pollutants in heating period should be strengthened.