Active Mechanism Of Immunomodulation And Products Development Of Glycosaminoglycans From Pinctada Martensii

Pinctada martensii known as Pinctada fucata is of high economic value and currently the main shellfish species of pearl farming in the South China Sea,widely distributed in Guangdong,Guangxi,Hainan and other provinces of China.There is a lot of Pinctada martensii meat which is rich in glycosaminoglycans after harvest.Glycosaminoglycan(GAGs)is a kind of complex polysaccharides which had a straight-chain.Duplicate disaccharide units which had hexuronic acid and hexosamine were connected together to be glycosaminoglycan.It has immunoregulation,anti-tumor,anti-oxidation,anticoagulant,hypoglycemic and other biological activities.The research was carried out includes activity mechanism of immunomodulation and product development of glycosaminoglycans.The study could discover a new way not only for the high-valued utilization but also for the practical application of glycosaminoglycans in life.The main contents and results of this study are as follows:1.Taking RAW264.7 macrophage line in mouse as a model,it is demonstrated that PMGAG has immunoregulatory activity to macrophages,by enhancing its phagocytosis to neutral red and FITC-labeled Escherichia coli,increasing m RNA expression and inducing the secretion of NO?TNF-??IL-6?IL-1?and other cytokines,combining with TLR2 and TLR4 macrophage surface membrane receptor specifically.It may activate immune response through the PI3K?Akt?MAPK?NF-?B signal transduction pathway.2.Glycosaminoglycans from Pinctada martensii were considered as one of main raw materials,adding mannitol,microcrystalline cellulose,hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose,magnesium stearate,lactose as auxiliary materials.Based on moist pellet-manufacturing method,a kind of chew tablets which can enhance immunity was developed without toxic side effect.Single factor experiments were conducted to study the effects of the flavoring agents,fillers,adhesives and lubricants on the sensory quality of chewable tablets.It was studied that how different combinations of ingredients influence on the sensory quality of chewable tablets,using Box-Behnken designs and making the 4 items of color,tissue condition,hardness and taste as indexes.Taking into accout the actural situation,we derived the optimized formulation.The experimental results showed that the preparation process of the product was scientific,and simple.Containing 17% GAGs,25% mannitol,44% microcrystalline cellulose,2% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose(HPMC),1% magnesium stearate,and some lactose,a new kind of chewable tablets could be obtained with good taste and smooth surface with white color.And quality index detection and acute oral toxicity experiments proved that this chew tablets is of high quality and non-toxic side effect.3.Effervescent Tablets with were prepared with the main raw material of glycosaminoglycans extracted from Pinctada martensii.By mixing raw materials,preparing granules,drying,and compression,a kind of effervescent tablets,not only enhancing immunity,but also without toxic side effect was developed.The single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments were conducted to research the preparation process of glycosaminoglycan effervescent tablets.The optimal results were as followed: Glycosaminoglycan from Pinctada martensii 25%,The mass ratio of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid 2:1,with the adding amount 35%,sucralose 3%,PVP 2%,PEG4000 2%,and some lactose.Effervescent tablets could be obtained with good taste and smooth surface with the reliable,reliable and easy to operate process.The quality indicatrix detecting and acute oral toxicity experiments proved that this Effervescent tablets may be safety,nontoxicity and easy operating.