Effects Of Silver Nanoparticles On The Apoptosis Of Testicular Tissue Structure And Cells In Mice And Its Mechanisms

Nanomaterials are a class of new synthetic materials with a diameter of 1-100 nm,including nano-heavy metals,alloys,and nano-carbons.They are widely used because of their special physical and chemical properties(such as electrical conductivity and antibacterial properties).Nanosilver is a kind of heavy metal nanomaterial.Its use as a disinfectant has been known by people.Because of the antibacterial properties of bacteria,fungi and viruses,many articles used daily have nano silver added,including detergents,toys,feminine hygiene products and some medical equipment such as gauze,artificial limbs and quilts.The increasing use of nano-silver and its bio-security have attracted more and more attention.Nanosilver products may disperse silver nanoparticles into the environment and bioconcentrate effects occur.With the rapid growth of nano-silver products,people are inevitably having more and more contacts with nano-silver.Nanosilver entry methods include respiratory inhalation,skin absorption,and digestive tract intake.Animal studies indicate that nanosilver may enter the bloodstream from the site of contact and transfer to multiple organs,including the brain,liver,cardiovascular system,and reproductive system.At present,the toxicity studies of nanosilver on organisms are mainly limited to the liver,lung and braintissues of animals.There are few studies on the effects of male reproductive system,and there is no consensus on the mechanism of occurrence and the safe dose range of nanosilver has not been established.The quality of sperm is the key to the reproductive health of men.Because the production of sperm is precisely controlled by some biological processes,this process is particularly sensitive to many physical and chemical substances in the outside world.Therefore,testicular toxicity may cause testicular dysfunction or spermatogenesis disorder.Causes issues related to male reproductive health,such as infertility and/or poor sperm quality,or birth defects.Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of silver nanoparticles on testicular tissue structure and apoptosis in mice and its mechanism.Method1.In vivo experiments:Testicular histopathological changes,and apoptosis were observed after different concentrations of silver nanoparticles were given by gavage for 90 days.2.In vitro experiments: Cell activity,morphological changes,apoptosis,and related factors expression were observed after GC2 cells were intervened with different concentrations of silver nanoparticles for 24 hours.Result1.High dose of silver nanoparticles lead to disorder in mice testis tissue,widening gap and significant increased rate of apoptosis.2.The apoptosis ratio of GC2 cells was changed with the concentration gradient of silver nanoparticles.When the concentration of silver nanoparticles was above20ug/ml,the ratio of apoptotic cells increased significantly compared with that of the control group.The mitochondrial structure was abnormal and the DNA damage-specific protein staining(?H2AX)was significantly increased.Conclusion1.High-dose silver nanoparticles can lead to abnormal testicular tissue structure and increased apoptosis rate in mice;2.The mechanism may be caused by the effects of mitochondrial structural abnormalities and DNA damage.