Study On The Change Of Habitat Quality In Chuxiong Prefecture Based On The Change Of Landscape Pattern

Habitat quality is an important index to reflect the regional ecological environment and measure the stability of ecosystem and ecological security.Based on landscape pattern change,the quantitative study of spatial and temporal evolution trend,intensity,influencing factors and regional differentiation of regional habitat quality are the important aspects of rational distribution of the underlying surface,maintenance of ecosystem stability and ecological security,and improvement of ecosystem service value to achieve the sustainable development.Taking Yi autonomous prefecture of Chuxiong as an example,based on the Landsat remote sensing impact data from 1995 to 2018,30 meters elevation data,and the daily temperature and precipitation data from 1990 to 2018 of meteorological stations from Chuxiong and its nearby cities,with the help of ArcGIS,ENVI,eCognition,Origin,and InVEST,this paper systematically studied the changes of landscape composition,structure and habitat quality in Yi autonomous prefecture of Chuxiong,as well as the impacts of topography,climate and landscape pattern on habitat quality by the remote sensing interpretation of underlying surface,Fragstats landscape index calculation,meteorological data statistics and spatial interpolation and the application of unitary linear regression,least square method trend analysis,land use transfer matrix,land use quantitative analysis model,moving window method.The results show that:(1)The land use types in Chuxiong Prefecture are mainly farmland,forestland and grassland.Which accounts for 98.72% of the total area of the study area by 2018,and the forest land area is the largest which accounting for more than 60% of the total area of the study area.The main characteristics of land use change are the mutual conversion of farmland,forestland and grassland.In addition,the continuous growth of construction land is also very significant.(2)The overall changes of landscape pattern are as follows: the increase of landscape fragmentation,the increase of landscape shape index,the decrease of landscape aggregation,the richness of land use types,the complexity of spatial layoutand the enhancement of human activities.(3)The landscape type and pattern characteristics have obvious gradient characteristics with the change of topography.Human activities are mostly concentrated in basins with an altitude of 1500 < DEM < 2000,while the mountain areas with an elevation of DEM > 2000 are less disturbed by human activities.In the transition zone of mountain basin,the vertical height difference is significant,and landslides,mudslides and floods are very frequent,which makes the gravel accumulation and landscape broken greatly in some areas.(4)The habitat quality of Chuxiong prefecture is generally good,but it is deteriorating.The degradation of habitat is circular and vertical.(5)Climate and topography have significant effects on landscape pattern and habitat quality in Chuxiong Prefecture.The spatial distribution characteristics of habitat quality are significantly correlated with the spatial distribution characteristics of temperature and precipitation.For example,the habitat quality is generally better in areas with high precipitation and low temperature.(6)The change of landscape pattern has a significant impact on habitat quality.There are similar temporal characteristics between the change of landscape type area and the change of habitat quality.Among the landscape types,the quality of forest habitat is the best,and the quality grade of forest habitat is mainly excellent,Which is accounting for more than 85.4% of the forest area.In addition,there is a significant positive correlation between the change of forest land area and the average of habitat quality.The above results show that forest land plays a significant role in improving habitat quality,while construction land and unused land hinder the improvement of habitat quality.There is a significant correlation between landscape pattern change and habitat quality change.The mean habitat quality was negatively correlated with NP,PD,LSI,PAFRAC,IJI,SHEI and SHDI,and positively correlated with AREA_MN,AI,CONTAG and LPI.This shows that landscape pattern change has a significant impact on habitat quality.In addition,the more complete the landscape area,the lower the fragmentation,the higher the aggregation,the lower the diversity,the simpler the landscape shape,and the better the habitat quality.In conclusion,the spatio-temporal change of habitat quality in Chuxiong is the result of multiple factors,which is closely related to the trend of climate change,the characteristics of mountain basin geographical structure and the direction and intensity of landscape pattern change.Therefore,adjusting the landscape structure,optimizing the landscape layout,increasing the natural vegetation,reducing the mining in mountainous areas and the centralized distribution of urban impervious ground,and preventing the fragmentation of cultivated land from planting are conducive to the formation of the scale effect of vegetation cooling and water storage,reducing the urban heat island effect,and improving the ecological quality to promote the sustainable development of the ecological environment.