The Study Of Intestinal Flora Of The 29th Antarctic Expedition Team And The Analysis Of Small RNA Sequencing Data Of Rhodiola

Antarctic continent is the coldest and driest continent of the world,Chinese scientific explorers were sent to Antarctica to make scientific research every year.The 29th Chinese Antarctic expedition took place on November 5,2012 from Shanghai,and arrived at Zhongshan Station on December 1,2012.Summer team began to return on March 8,2013;winter team members lived in Zhongshan station for a year and left the Antarctic on December 18,2013,return to Beijing,China on February 6,2014.In this study,we collected samples of venous and fecal from 15 winter team members at three points in time.The first sample was taken at Zhongshan Station on March 15(before winter),followed by the winter of July 15(polar night)and December 5(polar d)of the second and third sampling.We extracted DNA from fecal samples and sequenced them for 16s rDNA and conducted bioinformatics analysis.We found that the diversity of Intestinal microbes of the members changed significantly,and the diversity of a was significantly decreased and theβ diversity was significantly changed.At the same time,we identified the samples to the genus,and found that there were significant differences in the microbes of some genera,and that some changes were closely related to the changes of TNF-a and IL1-P,suggesting that these genera may have association with inflammation.The role of traditional Chinese medicine has been recognized in practice for a long time,but the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine has not been widely accepted by the scientific community.Small RNAs typically refer to non-coding RNAs with a length of less than 200 nucleotides,which are usually involved in post-transcriptional gene expression regulation in animals and plants.And plant-derived small RNA can enter the human body has been a huge controversy.Recent studies have shown that small RNAs in plants may have cross-kingdom functions:Exogenous plant miR-168a was shown to specifically target mammalian LDLRAP1.Although questions with controversial evidence has raised that these experimental results might be due to contaminations more studies have extended the list of small RNA of plant functioning in mammals.Honeysuckle-encoded atypical miR-2911 directly targets influenza A viruses;Small RNAs from plants,bacteria and fungi within the order Hypocreales are ubiquitous in human plasma.A few reports have also demonstrated that small RNAs,such as miR-486-5p and miR-29,have anti-fibrotic effects in pulmonary fibrosis.In this study,we extracted RNA from fresh traditional Chinese medicine plant(Hong Jing Tian)and A549 cells treated with it.The mice were treated with RNA extracted from fresh traditional Chinese medicine plant(Hong Jing Tian)for three ds by intragastric administration and then extracted RNA from lung tissue(after 12 h,24 h and 48 h);we also boiled fresh Chinese medicine plants(Hong Jing Tian),the human body taking the traditional Chinese medicine soup for seven ds was extracted blood for RNA extraction;untreated A549 cells and murine lungs were used as control for RNA extraction.A total of 9 samples were sequenced.We searched for the sequencing data by bioinformatics algorithms to identify the small RNAs that originated from the source of traditional Chinese medicine plants(Hong Jing Tian)and could enter the human or murine lungs,suggesting the possibility for further Analysis,experimental verification and functional research.