| Copper,as an important resource,shows its impressive influence on China's national production and economic construction.Excellent electrical conductivity and extraordinary ductility make it popular to be widely used in the circuit components;In addition,copper plays significant roles in building materials,mechanical equipment,decorative materials and even bio-medical medicine.According to the latest data released by China Customs,China's copper imports in 2016 reach to 4.95 million tons,year-on-year imports are increased by 2.9%.Although China's economy is slowing down in the New Situation—the speed of economic growth is changing from high speed to medium-high speed.There is a large degree of dependence of China's copper imports in foreign markets.And it remains to be seen that whether consumption of copper will decline in the future.But it is certain that a country's demand for copper can reflect the degree of this country's development.Therefore,even in the context of the new economy situation,and in the context that copper separation technology has become increasingly mature,researches for flotation process of copper couldn't come to an end spontaneously.This paper is focus on three types of ores—low grade mixed copper,medium grade oxidized copper ore and mixed copper ore—that delivered from a plant in Chuxiong,Yunnan,the mixed copper ore is among the most that has been studied.A study of process mineralogy was carried out to find out the basic properties,mineral composition and embedding state of these three kinds of copper ores.The results of X-ray diffraction analysis show that the three kinds of copper are disseminated in medium grain,in which the copper oxide minerals are mainly in the forms of malachite and silicon malachite,and the copper sulfide minerals are dominated by chalcopyrite and bornite.The gangue is quartz.Low-grade mixed copper ore assays 0.46%Cu,with oxidation rate of 14.78%,containing 3.91%combined copper oxide,and copper is mainly in the form of copper sulfide;medium-grade copper oxide ore contains 1.46%Cu,with oxidation rate of 32.87%,in which free copper oxide accounts for 7.69%and combined copper oxide accounts for 23.08%;mixed copper ore,assaying 0.95%Cu,is a blend composite which was composed by blending the said two ores at a ratio of 1:1,containing 71.53%of copper sulfide and 18.41%of combined copper oxide.Mono-factorial experiments were conducted to determine more reasonable regimes that using conventional reagents for the three actual ores.Grinding fineness was determined by-74?m 70%for the ores after grinding tests,and the final determination of reagents dosage for the three ores is tested as followed:A.Low-grade mixed copper ore,sodium sulfide 200g/t,butyl xanthate 125g/t,pine oil 20g/t;B.Medium-grade copper oxide ore,sodium sulfide 1000g/t,lime 1000g/t,butyl xanthate 150g/t,pine oil 30g/t;C.Mixed copper ore,sodium sulfide 750g/t,lime 500g/t,butyl xanthate 150g/t,pine oil 30g/t.And the roughing time of flotation for the three ores is 4 mins.As for the low-grade mixed copper ore,closed-circuit test shows that copper concentrate with 20.4%Cu,at the recovery of 85.14%can be obtained by process of one roughing and one cleaning;As for the medium-grade copper oxide ore,closed-circuit test shows that copper concentrate with 20.20%Cu,at the recovery of 68.11%can be obtained by process of one roughing,two cleanings and one scavenging;As for the mixed copper ore,closed-circuit test shows that copper concentrate with 20.41%Cu,at the recovery of 74.40%%can be obtained by process of two roughings,two cleanings and one scavenging.This research offers an economical and easy way to treat the mixed copper ores by using conventional flotation reagents,the reagents can be available easily and the flowsheet is easy to operate,which can provide practical guidance and reference for the copper plant in Chuxiong,Yunnan.It is noted that consumption of the reagents and points of dosing must be determined for each specific type of raw material. |
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