Study On The Freezing Disasters In The Historical Period Of Shanxi, Shaanxi And Inner Mongolia

Climate change has been the issue of human concern,and global warming has become the focus of global attention.With the rise of temperature,extreme weather and cold climate events are hot,the resulting natural disasters in many countries and local areas occur frequently,and affecting human beings the production and living and social development.In recent years,many areas are increasingly prone to a hundred years or 50 years of disaster,and natural disasters are more and more people's attention.The Shanxi-Shaanxi-Mongolian area is an important energy base and animal husbandry base in China.It is in the transition zone of agriculture and animal husbandry in China and has a special geographical location.The research on the freezing disaster in the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Mongolian area during the historical period can provide some history of reference for the modern freezing disaster prevention.Based on historical period of freezing disaster data in three provinces of Shanxi province,Shaanxi province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Mongolian area,and the meteorologic elements date from 1960 to 2010,the freezing disaster were studied by linear trend nalysis,Mann-Kendall mutation test,the least square method,Matlab wavelets cycle analysis and the method of inverse distance weighted(IDW)and so on.The results indicated:(1)The freezing disasters happened a total of 597 times in the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Mongolian area are nearly 2700a,from 730B.C.to 2010A.D.,and every 4.59a occurred on average.Thereinto,there happened 419,251,285 times totally in Shanxi Province,Shaanxi Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region respectively,every 6.54a,9.74a,9.74a occurred on average.The frequency of freezing disaster has significant volatility and stages,experienced lowest frequency-increased slowly-increased rapidly of three reasonable stages in the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Mongolian area.It was a trend of marked increase with time.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties to the modern,it was the highest period of freezing disaster,and high incidence of freezing disaster occurred.There are many times continuous occurred of freezing.disaster,98,65,41 and 36 times in the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Mongolian area,Shanxi Province,Shaanxi Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region respectively.(2)The frequency of freezing disasters was the most times in the month of September,April and May,June,the least in June and July in historical period of the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Mongolian area.And the freezing disaster mainly occurred in spring and winter,summer occurred the least on the season.Meanwhile,there are seasonal characteristics of succession freezing disaster,mainly occurred and the most frequency in the spring and autumn two seasons in Shanxi-Shaanxi-Mongolian area.(3)The occurrence of the freezing disaster in the historical period of the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Mongolian area is characterized by the oscillation period of 33-36a,13-15a and 6a in the freezing disaster of Shanxi Province.The freezing disaster in Shaanxi Province correspond to the period of 30-35a and 6a.There are 70-72a,33-35a and 6a cycles in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.The grade of freezing disaster in the historical period of the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Mongolian area,the frequency of moderate freezing disaster was highest.followed by mild freezing disaster and the least severe freezing disaster,and different grades of freezing disaster had the otherness in temporal.The occurrence of freezing disaster was decreased from the central area to the east and west.Shiquan County frequency is up to 133 times,far higher than other counties.And Shanxi province is higher than Shaanxi province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,and the highest frequency.(4)Climate change is the first condition for the occurrence of freezing disaster in the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Mongolian area,the temperature is the key factor to determine the occurrence of freezing disaster,freezing disaster mainly occurred in a period of low temperature of cold.The East Asian monsoon climate,especially the winter monsoon,the unique terrain conditions and irrational human activities,resulting the frequency of freezing disaster and hazard degree had increased.The freezing disasters of Shanxi-Shaanxi-Mongolian area had serious influence on the human society,and even impede social development,such as severe food shortages,no normal life of the people,forced to move to other places,death,serious agricultural production,disrupted the normal industrial and commercial economic order and high food prices,threatened social stability and the social order and led to turbulent society.