| Under the background of global warming, local natural disasters occurred frequently, which seriously affect the ecological environment and economic development in the region and even the world. At the same time, the production and life of human beings were also affected by these natural disasters. The adjacent area of Jin-Shan-Meng, as the important energy and chemical industry base of our China, its problem of Soil and Water Loss is serious. Analysis of temporal and spatial of drought disaster in historical period of the adjacent area of Jin-Shan-Meng can provide background reference for the future disaster prevention and mitigation of the study area.Based on historical periods of drought disaster data and the precipitation data of 39 counties in the Jin-Shan-Mongolian adjacent area, the classification and treatment of drought disaster were carried out by quantitative method, the characteristics of drought disaster and its social impact in historical period of this area were studied by the linear trend analysis method, the least square method, the wavelet analysis method of Mat lab, and the Arcgis spatial analysis method. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) There happened a total of 667 drought disasters in the Jin-Shan-Mongolian adjacent area, and every 3.46a occurred a drought on average in the near 2300 nears from 230BC to 2000AD. The frequency of drought disaster in historical period in the Jin-Shan-Mongolia adjacent area had an increased trend. The drought disaster occurrence of Jin-Shan-Mongolia adjacent area could be divided into three stages, that is "the lowest frequency, the lowest frequency, frequency highest, higher frequency-high frequency and frequency highest". There were three characteristics of drought disaster in historical period in the Jin-Shan-Mongolia adjacent area. First, drought frequency with time variation was significantly increased. Second, the characteristics of drought disasters were phasic, intermit and concentrated. Third, the frequency of drought disasters increased with the time changes, especially, the Ming and Qing Dynasties to the modern, was a period with the highest frequency of drought disasters occurred. Bursts of drought disaster events were more in the Jin-Shan-Mongolia adjacent area. There occurred 77 times in Shanxi Province of study area. There occurred 75 times in Shaanxi Province of study area. There occurred 69 times in Inner Mongolia of study area. From the aspect of season, the frequency of drought disasters was most in the summer, followed by the spring and the least in winter. From the aspect of month, the drought mainly occurred in May, June and July, October, November and December drought disasters occurred less. At the same time, the drought disaster had the characteristics of seasonal drought resistance in the Jin-Shan-Mongolia adjacent area.(2) The grade of drought disaster in the historical period in Jin-Shan-Mongolia adjacent area had the following characteristics:First, the frequency of moderate drought disaster was highest. Second, the frequency of mild and moderate drought disasters was high relatively, while the frequency of severe and extreme drought disasters was low relatively. Third, every grade of drought disaster had difference in temporal distribution. In parts area of Shanxi Province, the occurrence of drought disaster in historical period had the change cycle of 39a,15a and 5a. In parts area of Shaanxi Province, the occurrence of drought disaster in historical period had the change cycle of 38-50a and 5a. In parts area of Inner Mongolia, the occurrence of drought disaster in historical period had the change cycle of 36-5 1a,16-21a and 5a.The frequency of drought disaster in Jin-Shan-Mongolia adjacent area was decreased from the north to the middle, and the eastern and western regions were increased. The frequency of drought disaster on the north side is higher than that of the south side, and the frequency of drought disaster is lower than that of the west side. The drought disaster frequency of Qingshuihe County in the Inner Mongolia was the highest. The drought disaster frequency of Liulin County in the Shanxi Province was the lowest.(3) The amount of annual precipitation is an important factor that whether the drought disaster would occur. Therefore, the seasonal and regional distribution of precipitation would also have effect on the formation of drought disasters. And the monsoon climate, orographic factor and the irrational human activities would have influence on the frequency and intensity of drought disasters. The drought disasters of Jin-Shan-Mongolia adjacent area had important influence on the human society, including migration and death, life quality decreased, shortage of labor and land fallow and crop failures even crops. And it would be a serious impact on traditional ethics and morality of drought disaster, disrupting the social order. |
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